rather than following a system of rules for right living. Assuming Communism was right; would that justify a communist in lying, stealing or killing to put Communism into effect?”
William Z. Foster: “With him the end justifies the means. Whether his tactics be ‘legal’ and ‘moral,’ or not, does not concern him, so long as they are effective. He knows that the laws as well as the current code of morals are made by his mortal enemies…. Consequently, he ignores them in so far as he is able and it suits his purposes. He proposes to develop, regardless of capitalist conceptions of ‘legality,’ ‘fairness,’ ‘right,’ etc., a greater power than his capitalist enemies have.”{182}
Student: “Would you then deny the possibility of there being an eternal, God-given code for moral or ethical conduct?”
Lenin: “We do not believe in eternal morality, and we expose all the fables about morality.”{183}
Marx: “Law, morality, religion are… so many bourgeois prejudices, behind which lurk in ambush just as many bourgeois interests.”{184}
Engels: “We therefore reject every attempt to impose on us any moral dogma whatsoever as an eternal, ultimate and forever immutable moral law on the pretext that the moral world too has its permanent principles which transcend history and the difference between nations. We maintain on the contrary that all former moral theories are the product, in the last analysis, of the economic stage which society had reached at that particular epoch. And as society has hitherto moved in class antagonisms, morality was always a class morality; it has either justified the domination and the interests of the ruling class, or, as soon as the oppressed class has become powerful enough, it has represented the revolt against this domination and the future interests of the oppressed.”{185}
The Bible
Student: “Then what is the Communist attitude toward the Bible which contains many moral teachings?”
Official Statement: “A collection of fantastic legends without any scientific support. It is full of dark hints, historical mistakes and contradictions. It serves as a factor for gaining power and subjugating the unknowing nations.”{186}
Engels: “It is now perfectly clear to me that the so-called sacred writings of the Jews are nothing more than the record of the old Arabian religious and tribal tradition, modified by the early separation of the Jews from their tribally related but nomadic neighbours.”{187}
Religion
Student: “If you reject the Bible, do you also reject all religion and all of the institutionalized morality which it represents?”
Official Statement: “The philosophy of Marxism-Leninism—the theoretical foundation of the Communist Party—is incompatible with religion.”{188}
Lenin: “Religion is a kind of spiritual gin in which the slaves of capital drown their human shape and their claims to any decent human life.”{189}
Student: “Could not a Communist enjoy religious activity as a matter of conscience and as a private right?”
Lenin: “To the party of the Socialist proletariat… religion is not a private matter.”{190}
Yaroslavsky: “Every Leninist, every Communist, every class-conscious worker and peasant must be able to explain why a Communist cannot support religion [and] why Communists fight against religion.”{191}
Student: “But supposing I were a Communist and still wanted to go to Church?”
Official Statement: “If a Communist youth believes in God and goes to Church, he fails to fulfil his duties. This means that he has not yet rid himself of religious superstitions and has not become a fully conscious person (i.e., a Communist).”{192}
Lenin: “A young man or woman cannot be a Communist youth unless he or she is free of religious convictions.”{193}
Lenin: “We must combat religion—this is the ABC of all materialism, and consequently Marxism.”{194}
Student: “What is your attitude toward individual churches? Take the Catholic Church, for example.”
Yaroslavsky: “The Catholic Church, with the pope in its van, is now an important bulwark of all counter-revolutionary organizations and forces.”{195}
Student: Are you against all Christianity?”
Lunarcharsky: (Russian Commissioner of Education): “We hate Christians and Christianity. Even the best of them must be considered our worst enemies. Christian love is an obstacle to the development of the revolution. Down with love of one’s neighbor! What we want is hate…. Only then can we conquer the universe.”{196}
Student: “How do you justify Communist ‘hate’ propaganda of this kind?”
Official Statement: “Hatred fosters vigilance and an uncompromising attitude toward the enemy and leads to the destruction of everything that prevents Soviet peoples from building a happy life. The teaching of hatred for the enemies of the toilers enriches the conception of Socialist humanism by distinguishing it from sugary and hypocritical ‘philanthropy.’”{197}
Stalin: “It is impossible to conquer an enemy without having learned to hate him with all the might of one’s soul.”{198}
Student: “And what is your attitude toward the Jewish people and their religion?”
Marx: “What was the foundation of the Jewish religion? Practical needs egoism. Consequently the monotheism of the Jew is in reality the Polytheism of many needs…. The God of practical needs and egoism is money…. Money is the jealous God of Israel, by the side of which no other God may exist…. The God of the Jews has secularized himself and become the universal God…. As soon as society succeeds in abolishing the empirical essence of Judaism, the huckster and the conditions which produce him, the Jew will become impossible…. The social emancipation of the Jew is the emancipation of society from Judaism.”{199}
Student: “In view of all this, why is it that Communist propaganda sometimes pretends a tolerance for religion?”
Yaroslavsky: “In our work among religious people we must bear in mind Lenin’s advice to utilize every method available to us, or, as he said, we must ‘approach them this way and that way’ in order to stimulate them to criticize religion themselves.”{200}
Student: “If religion is so bad, do you think it will gradually die out?”
Yaroslavsky: “It would be a great mistake to believe that religion will die out of itself. We have repeatedly emphasized Lenin’s opinion that the Communist Party cannot depend upon the spontaneous development of anti-religious ideas—that these ideas are molded by organized action.” {201}
Student: “Do you think a person’s attitude toward religion should be changed by friendly persuasion?”
Lenin: “The fight against religion must not be limited nor reduced to abstract, ideological preaching. This struggle must be linked up with the concrete practical class movement; its aim must be to eliminate the social roots of religion.”{202}
