Biological Exuberance: Animal Homosexuality and Natural Diversity

Table of Contents

Title Page

Snow

Introduction

Part 1 - A Polysexual, Polygendered World

Chapter 1 - The Birds and the Bees

The Many Forms of Animal Homosexuality

What’s Good for the Goose … : Comparisons of Male and Female Homosexuality

A Hundred and One Lesbian Acts: Calculating the Frequency of Homosexual Behavior

Within Genders, Without Genders, Across Genders

Chapter 2 - Humanistic Animals, Animalistic Humans

From Pederasty to Butch-Femme: Uniquely Human?

Primate (Homo)Sexuality and the Origins of Culture

Unnatural Nature

Chapter 3 - Two Hundred Years of Looking at Homosexual Wildlife

A Brief History of the Study of Animal Homosexuality

“A Lowering of Moral Standards Among Butterflies”: Homophobia in Zoology

Anything but Sex

Chapter 4 - Explaining (Away) Animal Homosexuality

“Which One Plays the Female Role?”—Homosexuality as Pseudoheterosexuality

“The Lengths to Which Deprived Creatures Will Go”—Homosexuality as Substitute Heterosexuality

“The Errors of Their Ways”—Homosexuality as Mistaken Sex Identification

“Gross Abnormalities of Behavior”—Homosexuality as Pathology

Chapter 5 - Not for Breeding Only: Reproduction on the Periphery of Life

The Evolutionary “Value” of Homosexuality

Homosexuality in the Service of Heterosexuality

Nonreproductive and Alternative Heterosexualities in Animals

Chapter 6 - A New Paradigm: Biological Exuberance

Left-Handed Bears and Androgynous Cassowaries: Informing Biology with Indigenous Knowledge

A Revolution Under Way: Contemporary Scientific and Philosophical Perspectives - We need another and a wiser and perhaps a more mystical concept of animals … . They are not brethren, they are not underlings; they are other nations, caught with ourselves in the net of life and time, fellow prisoners of the splendor and travail of the earth.

Returning to the Source: Indigenous Cosmologies and Fractal Sexualities

The Magnificent Overabundance of Reality

Part II - A Wondrous Bestiary Portraits of Homosexual, Bisexual, and Transgendered Wildlife

Introduction

Mammals

Primates

Marine Mammals

Hoofed Mammals

Other Mammals

Birds

Waterfowl and Other Aquatic Birds