A programmer from a very large computer company went to a software conference and then returned to report to his manager, saying: 'What sort of programmers work for other companies? They behaved badly and were unconcerned with appearances. There hair was long and unkept and their clothes were wrinkled and old. They crashed out hospitality suite and they made rude noises during my presentation.'

The manager said: 'I should have never sent you to the conference. Those programmers live beyond the physical world. They consider life absurd, an accidental coincidence. They come and go without knowing limitations. Without a care, they live only for their programs. Why should they bother with social conventions?

They are alive within the Tao.'

2.4

A novice asked the Master: 'Here is a programmer that never designs, documents or tests his programs. Yet all who know him consider him one of the best programmer in the world. Why is this?'

The Master replies: 'That programmer has mastered the Tao. He has gone beyond the need for design; he does not become angry when the system crashes, but accepts the universe without concern. He has gone beyond the need for documentation; he no longer cares if anyone else sees his code. He has gone beyond the need for testing; each of his programs are perfect within themselves, serene and elegant, their purpose self-evident. Truly, he has entered the mystery of Tao.'

Book Three. Design

'When the program is being tested, it is too late to make design changes.'

Thus spake the master programmer

3.1

There once was a man who went to a computer trade show. Each day as he entered, the man told the guard at the door:

'I am a great thief, renowned for my feats of shoplifting. Be forewarned, for this trade show shall not escape unplundered.'

This speech disturbed the guard greatly, because there were millions of dollars of computer equipment inside, so he watched the man carefully. But the man merely wandered from booth to booth, humming quietly to himself.

When the man left, the guard took him aside and searched his clothes, but nothing was to be found.

On the next day of the trade show, the man returned and chided the guard saying: 'I escaped with a vast booty yesterday, but today will be even better.' So the guard watched him ever more closely, but to no avail.

On the final day of the trade show, the guard could restrain his curiosity no longer. 'Sir Thief,' he said, 'I am so perplexed, I cannot live in peace. Please enlighten me. What is it that you are stealing?'

The man smiled. 'I am stealing ideas,' he said.

3.2

There once was a master programmer who wrote unstructured programs. A novice programmer, seeking to imitate him, also began to write unstructured programs. When the novice asked the master to evaluate his progress, the master criticized him for writing unstructured programs, saying 'What is appropriate for the master is not appropriate for the novice. You must understand Tao before transcending structure.'

3.3

There was once a programmer who was attached to the court of the warlord of Wu. The warlord asked the programmer: 'Which is easier to design: an accounting package or an operating system?'

'An operating system,' replied the programmer.

The warlord uttered an exclamation of disbelief. 'Surely an accounting package is trivial next to the complexity of an operating system,' he said.

'Not so,' said the programmer, 'when designing an accounting package, the programmer operates as a mediator between people having different ideas: how it must operate, how its reports must appear, and how it must conform to the tax laws. By contrast, an operating system is not limited by outside appearances. When designing an operating system, the programmer seeks the simplest harmony between machine and ideas. This is why an operating system is easier to design.'

The warlord of Wu nodded and smiled. 'That is all good and well, but which is easier to debug?'

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