Putin's Labyrinth

“That’s Russian” Author interview with a former MI6 agent who asked not to be identified by name because of a condition placed upon him when retiring from the agency, February 9, 2007.

“Lugovoi has often asked me” Mark Franchetti, The Sunday Times (London), November 25, 2007.

Epilogue

As Vladimir Putin’s presidency Detail on the dive from National Geographic News online, August 3, 2007.

“The incumbent president is an” Dmitri Medvedev quoted in Financial Times, March 24, 2008.

As the story goes Some said that in effect Putin himself was chairman of Gazprom, pulling the strings behind the scenes. That may have been true—outsiders could not know for certain what went on in the Kremlin.

“no state can be pleased” Dmitri Medvedev quoted in Financial Times, March 24, 2008.

But Putin remarked publicly Quoted in the Daily Telegraph, March 3, 2008.

And Medvedev agreed Quoted in Financial Times, March 24, 2008.

“Russia needs the maximum” Dmitri Medvedev quoted in Financial Times, March 24, 2008.

“It was completely incredible” Quotes from author interview with Marina Litvinenko.

“Marina is making money from” Quote from Sonya Litvinenko interview with Anna Chernyakovskaya, author’s assistant.

“to speak with her right” Author interview with Marina Litvinenko.

By March 2008, Marina Detail and quote from Marina Litvinenko from The Times (London), March 27, 2008.

In the same vein, Alex Goldfarb Detail and quote from Alex Goldfarb from Reuters, February 28, 2008.

“He had no reason to” Ilya Bulavinov, Kommersant, April 10, 2007.

“I couldn’t decide if he” Yelena Tregubova quoted by BBC News online, November 21, 2003.

“They would have found a way” Yelena Tregubova quoted by the Daily Mail (London), April 4, 2008.

But her newspaper, Novaya Gazeta Detail and quote from Novaya Gazeta, April 2, 2008.

Before Anna’s murder, a doctor Detail on how Vera decided to name her daughter from author’s interview with Vera Politkovskaya.

BIBLIOGRAPHY AND NOTE ON SOURCES

This book is largely the result of interviews conducted in Moscow and London during 2007, buttressed by reporting during the eleven years I was based in the former Soviet Union, from 1992 to 2003. I relied heavily on archival material—books, contemporarily written articles and films—for the historical passages and also to inform the account of present events. The deaths described in the book are among the most-chronicled events of our time, and I am grateful for the excellent work of colleagues. The sources for the quotations I have used are indicated in the notes, and work on which I relied informatively is listed below.

Books

Albats, Yevgenia. The State Within a State: The KGB and Its Hold on Russia Past, Present and Future. New York: Farrar Straus & Giroux, 1994.

Alibek, Ken. Biohazard: The Chilling Story of the Largest Covert Biological Weapons Program in the World—Told from the Inside by the Man Who Ran It. New York: Random House, 1999.

Andrew, Christopher, and Oleg Gordievsky. KGB: The Inside Story. New York: HarperCollins, 1990.

Andrew, Christopher, and Vasili Mitrokhin. The Sword and the Shield: The Mitrokhin Archive and the Secret History of the KGB. New York: Basic Books, 1999.

———. The Mitrokhin Archive II: The KGB and the World. London: Allen Lane, 2005.

Baker, Peter, and Susan Glasser. Kremlin Rising: Russia and the End of the Revolution. New York: Scribner, 2005.

Beazley, Raymond, Nevill Forbes, and G. A. Birkett. Russia from the Varangians to the Bolsheviks. London: Clarendon Press, 1918.

Belfield, Richard. The Assassination Business: A History of State-Sponsored Murder. New York: Carroll & Graf, 2005.

Bobrick, Benson. Fearful Majesty: The Life and Reign of Ivan the Terrible. New York: Putnam, 1987.

Bond, Edward Augustus. Russia at the Close of the Sixteenth Century. London: Hakluyt Society, 1861 repr. of 1591 manuscript.

Cherkashin, Victor, with Gregory Feifer. Spy Handler: Memoir of a KGB Officer: The True Story of the Man Who Recruited Robert Hanssen and Aldrich Ames. New York: Basic Books, 2005.

Conquest, Robert. The Great Terror: A Reassessment. London: Pimlico, 1994 repr.

Deriabin, Peter. Watchdogs of Terror: Russian Bodyguards from the Tsars to the Commissars. Frederick, Md.: Foreign Intelligence Book Series, 1984 repr.

Deriabin, Peter, and T. H. Bagley. The KGB: Masters of the Soviet Union. New York: Hippocrene, 1990.

Deriabin, Peter, and Frank Gibney. The Secret World: The Terrifying Report of a High Officer of Soviet Intelligence Whose Conscience Finally Rebelled. New York: Doubleday, 1959.

Felshtinsky, Yuri, and Alexander Litvinenko. Blowing Up Russia. London: Gibson Square, 2007.

Freeland, Chrystia. Sale of the Century. New York: Crown, 2000.

Goldfarb, Alex, and Marina Litvinenko. Death of a Dissident: The Poisoning of Alexander Litvinenko and the Return of the KGB. New York: Free Press, 2007.

Handelman, Stephen. Comrade Criminal. New Haven, Conn.: Yale, 1995.

Hochshild, Adam. The Unquiet Ghost. Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1994.

Hoffman, David E. The Oligarchs: Wealth and Power in the New Russia. New York: Public Affairs, 2002.

Jack, Andrew. Inside Putin’s Russia. London: Granta Books, 2004.

Kalugin, Oleg. The First Directorate. New York: St. Martin’s, 1994.

Khokhlov, Nikolai. In the Name of Conscience: The Testament of a Soviet Secret Agent. New York: David McKay, 1959.