Spies and Commissars

folder: Robin Bruce Lockhart, ‘Reilly: Russian Revolution, Etc.: Sources: Robert Bruce Lockhart — Reilly’.

5. Ibid.

6. S. Reilly to R. H. Bruce Lockhart, 24 November 1918: ibid.

7. R. N. Bruce Lockhart, ‘Notes on Sidney Reilly. Information Provided by George Hill’: Robert Hamilton Bruce Lockhart Papers, box 11, folder 1, p. 3.

8. Notes taken by Robin Bruce Lockhart from George Hill’s account, p. 4: Robert Hamilton Bruce Lockhart Papers (HIA), box 11, folder 1.

9. Jean MacLean’s answers to Robin Bruce Lockhart’s questionnaire (question 42): Robert Hamilton Bruce Lockhart Papers (HIA), box 11, folder: Robin Bruce Lockhart, ‘Reilly: Russian Revolution, Etc.: Sources: Jean MacLean’; Notes taken by Robin Bruce Lockhart from George Hill’s account, p. 10: Robert Hamilton Bruce Lockhart Papers (HIA), box 11, folder 1.

10. Jean MacLean’s answers to Robin Bruce Lockhart’s questionnaire (question 25): Robert Hamilton Bruce Lockhart Papers (HIA), box 11, folder: Robin Bruce Lockhart, ‘Reilly: Russian Revolution, Etc.: Sources: Jean MacLean’.

11. See here.

12. G. A. Hill, draft letter to the London Evening Standard (n.d.): Robert Hamilton Bruce Lockhart Papers (HIA), box 11, folder 1.

13. C. Andrew and V. Mitrokhin, The Mitrokhin Archive: The KGB in Europe and the West, p. 37.

14. Sovnarkom meeting, 11 November 1918 (NS): GARF, f. R-130, op. 2, d. 2(4).

15. L. B. Krasin, Vneshtorg i vneshnyaya ekonomicheskaya politika Sovetskogo pravitel’stva, pp. 3–4.

16. L. Bryant, Six Months in Red Russia, pp. 292–3.

17. RGASPI, f. 89, op. 52, d. 4.

18. C. Andrew, The Defence of the Realm: The Authorized History of MI5, p. 144.

19. K. Jeffery, MI6: The History of the Secret Intelligence Service, 1909–1949, p. 184.

20. RGASPI, f. 89, op. 52, d. 6, pp. 1–2.

21. W. Kendall, The Revolutionary Movement in Britain, 1900–1921: The Origins of British Communism, p. 242.

22. RGASPI, f. 89, op. 52, d. 6, pp. 1–2.

23. K. Linder and S. Churkin (eds), Krasnaya pautina: taina razvedki Kominterna, 1919– 1943, p. 31.

24. A. E. Senn, Diplomacy and Revolution: The Soviet Mission to Switzerland, 1918, pp. 116–19.

25. The Times, 17 February 1920.

26. Manchester Guardian, 19 August 1920.

27. Ibid.

28. M. E. Harrison, Marooned in Moscow: The Story of an American Woman Imprisoned in Russia, p. 60.

29. ‘Nauenskaya radio-stantsiya… pod Berlinom’, Ogonek, no. 16 (1922).

30. Byulleten’ Narodnogo Komissariata Inostrannykh Del, no. 28, 15 August 1920.

31. Yan Berzin to Moscow, 24 May 1918: K. Linder and S. Churkin (eds), Krasnaya pautina: taina razvedki Kominterna, 1919–1943, p. 30.

32. Jan Berzin to Moscow, 16 August 1918: ibid., p. 34.

33. Report of Special Department of the Cheka, n.d. (late March or April 1921?): S. Tsvigun, Lenin i VChK, p. 441.

34. Report of Special Department of the Cheka, n.d. (late March or April 1921?): S. Tsvigun, Lenin i VChK, p. 441. The report says that Dukes also mentioned a Harry Jelly Brand: I have been unable to work out who this person might have been.

35. Ibid.

36. Ibid.

37. S. Liberman, Building Lenin’s Russia, pp. 5, 29, 39–42 and 194–7.

38. E. Blackwell to W. Thwaites, 26 August 1918: National Archives, KV/2/1903.

39. Unsigned report to London from Stockholm, 12 September 1918: CX 050167. My thanks to Andrew Cook for sharing this document with me as well as the documents cited in the next three endnotes.

40. See intercepted letter of Elizabeth Freeman to Mary Freeman, 22 April 1919: Directorate of Military Intelligence, I.P. 1210.

41. Log of reports on Arthur Ransome, ending on 11 October 1919: ‘MI5 Ransome’.

42. ‘Arthur Ransome, ref. B/02277’, 25 September 1918.

43. Memorandum from S.8, 17 March 1919: National Archives, KV/2/1903.

24. The Allied Military Withdrawal

1. Army: The Evacuation of North Russia, pp. 17–18; Gen. Poole to War Office, 18 September 1918: Milner Papers, dep. 366, box D, enclosure 3, fol. 434.

2. G. A. Lensen, Japanese Recognition of the USSR: Soviet–Japanese Relations, 1921– 1930, pp. 19–21.

3. London telegram to N. N. Yudenich, 30 December 1919: Nikolai Yudenich Papers (HIA), box 4, folder 6.

4. N. Yudenich to S. D. Sazonov (Paris), A. V. Kolchak (Omsk) and Denikin (Yekaterinodar), 13 November 1919: Nikolai Yudenich Papers, box 3, folder 26.

5. Manchester Guardian, 4 June 1920.

6. A. A. Ioffe, ‘N. Lenin i nasha vneshnyaya politika’ (dated 20 October 1927), APRF, f. 31, op. 1, d. 4, p. 212.

7. A. A. Ioffe (V. Krymskii), Mirnoe nastuplenie, p. 16.

8. L. B. Krasin, Vneshtorg i vneshnyaya ekonomicheskaya politika Sovetskogo pravitel’stva, p. 4.

9. City Commandant of Reval (Tallinn), 28 November 1919: Nikolai Yudenich Papers (HIA), box 4, folder 2.

10. List of clothes and equipment made on 6 January 1920: ibid., folder 6.

11. Yudenich to S. D. Sazonov, A. V. Kolchak, A. I. Denikin and Ye. K. Miller, 3 January 1920: ibid.

12. N. N. Yudenich to Allied governments, 4 January 1920: ibid., box 21, folder 1.

13. ‘Estonskaya tranzitnaya torgovlya s Rossiei v 1920 g. cherez Narvu’ (typescript: Statistical Department of the Estonian Ministry of Trade and Industry): Revel’skaya gavan’ i bol’sheviki, 21 April 1921, Nicolai Koestner Papers (HIA).

14. Ibid.

15. Ibid.

16. TsA FSB RF, f. 1 os., op. 4, d. 2 in Arkhiv VChK. Sbornik dokumentov, pp. 372–4.

17. Manchester Guardian, 10 March 1920.

18. L. B. Krasin, Vneshtorg i vneshnyaya ekonomicheskaya politika Sovetskogo pravitel’stva, p. 6.