4. Itinerarium, pp. 43–4; Edbury Conquest of Jerusalem, pp. 73–5 for an account in a continuation of the chronicle of William of Tyre.
5. Gillingham, Richard I, p. 87, note 36 for a full list of references, esp. Ralph of Diceto.
6. Historia de expeditione Friderici Imperatoris, ed. A. Chroust, Quellen zur Geschichte des Kreuzzuges Kaiser Friedrichs I, MGHS (Berlin 1928), esp. pp. 5–15.
7. De Profectione Danorum in Hierosolymam, Scriptores Minores Historiae Danicae, ed. M. C. Gertz (Copenhagen 1970 reprint), ii, 464–8; in general pp. 457–92.
8. Gervase of Canterbury, Historical Works, ed. W. Stubbs, Rolls Series (London 1879–80), i, 389.
9. Historia de expeditione, Chroust, Quellen, p. 14, cf. p. 12 for Henry of Albano’s summons ‘ad curiam Iesu Christi’; Gilbert of Mons, Chronicon Hanoniense, ed. G. H. Pertz, MGHS (Hanover 1869), pp. 182–4.
10. Epistolae Cantuariensis, Chronicles and Memorials of Richard I, ed. W. Stubbs, Rolls Series (London 1865), ii, nos. 158, 167; cf. Gervase of Canterbury, Historical Works, i, 394 et seq. for the local context.
11. For the French nobles, Rigord, Oeuvres, ed. H. F. Delaborde, i, 83–4 and 84–5 for the March assembly in Paris; for Anglo-Norman sources for the Gisors meeting, Tyerman, England and the Crusades, p. 392 note 7 and, for English preparations in general, pp. 57–85.
12. Gerald of Wales, Journey, p. 201.
13. Roger of Howden, Gesta Henrici Secundi, ii, 44–5.
14. Itinerarium, p. 143.
15. E.g. the French landowner Heraclius of Montboissier, Recueil des actes de Philippe Auguste, i, ed. H. F. Delaborde et al. (Paris 1916), no. 286 (Dec. 1189).
16. Henry of Albano, Tractatus de peregrinatione civitate Dei, PL, 204, col. 353.
17. Peter of Blois, De Hierosolymitana Peregrinatione Acceleranda, PL, 207, col. 1063 and generally cols. 1,058–70, which is part of a longer piece, originally combined with Dialogus inter regem Henricum secundum et abbatem Bonnevallensem, PL, 207, cols. 975–88; cf. his other great crusade propaganda work, De passione Reginaldi, PL, 207, cols. 957–76.
18. Alan of Lille, Sermo de cruce domini, Textes inedits, ed. M. T. Alverny, Etudes de philosophie medievale, 52 (Paris 1965), pp. 281–2.
19. J. and L. Riley Smith, Crusades, p. 66.
20. Historia de expeditione, Chroust, Quellen, p. 10.
21. Gerald of Wales, Journey, p. 114.
22. De Profectione Danorum, Gertz, Scriptores, p. 467.
23. Rigord, Oeuvres, p. 84.
24. Cartulaire de l’abbaye Notre-Dame de Bonnevaux, ed. U. Chevalier, Bulletin de l’Academie Delphinale, 4th series, ii (Grenoble 1889, dated 1887– 8), no. 310, pp. 143–4.
25. For these tracts see above, notes 16 and 17.
26. Gerald of Wales, Opera, viii, 207.
27. Ralph Niger, De Re Militari, esp. pp. 194–9.
28. Reported to Henry II’s court by Peter of Blois, Roger of Howden, Gesta Henrici Secundi, ii, 15.
29. De profectione Danorum, Gertz, Scriptores, p. 467; cf. K. Skovgaard-Petersen, A Journey to the Promised Land (Copenhagen 2001), esp. pp. 75–6.
30. A. Macquarrie, Scotland and the Crusades 1095–1560 (Edinburgh 1985), pp. 27–32.
31. Gerald of Wales, Journey, p. 184.
32. Ordinatio de predicatione S. Crucis in Angliae, ed. R. Rohricht, Quinti Belli Sacri Scriptores Minores, Societe de l’Orient Latin, ii (Geneva 1879), p. 24 and generally pp. 1–26.
33. Rigord, Oeuvres, p. 99.
34. Gerald of Wales, De Rebus a se gestis, trans. H. Butler, The Autobiography of Giraldus Cambrensis (London 1937), pp. 99–101. (Hereafter Gerald of Wales, Autobiography.)
35. Ibn al-Athir in Gabrieli, Arab Historians, pp. 182–3; Ibn Shaddad, Saladin, p. 125.
36. Gerald of Wales, Journey, pp. 1–209.
37. Gerald of Wales, Journey, p. 75; Opera, i, 74; Autobiography, p. 99.
38. Gerald of Wales, Autobiography, pp. 99–101, 104.
39. Historia de expeditione, Chrust, Quellen, pp. 11–13, 14; Rigord, Oeuvres, pp. 84–5.
40. Gerald of Wales, Journey, pp. 114, 185–6; Opera, vi, 55 ‘conversi sunt’.
41. Cf. Roger of Howden’s account of a miraculous appearance of Christ on the cross in the sky near Dunstable, Gesta Henrici Secundi, ii, 47.
42. Ordinatio, passim, esp. pp. 18–26; for Gerald of Wales’s anecdote, Journey, p. 172.
43. Roger of Howden, Gesta Henrici Secundi, ii, 26–8; for identity of Berthier, J. W. Baldwin, The Government of Philip Augustus (Berkeley and Los Angeles 1986), pp. 462, note 38 and 572 note 30.
44. Conon of Bethune, Ahi! Amours, con dure departie, Bedier and Aubry, Chansons, no. iii, pp. 32–5; cf. pp. 45–7, Bien me Deusse Targier.
45. Actes des Comtes de Namur 946–1196, ed. F. Rousseau (Brussels 1936), no. 28, pp. 61–4.
46. Ralph Niger, Chronica, ed. H. Krause (Frankfurt 1985), p. 288. For details of Frederick’s crusade, Historia de expeditione, Chroust, Quellen, passim.
47. Roger of Howden, Chronica, iii, 8; for Philip II’s deals, L. Delisle, Catalogue des Actes de Philippe Auguste (Paris 1856), no. 327A; Rigord, Oeuvres, p. 99; Delaborde et al., Recueil des actes de Philippe Auguste, i, no. 252; for Richard, Tyerman, England and the Crusades, pp. 75–85.
48. Ralph Niger, Chronica, p. 288; Historia de expeditione, Chroust, Quellen, p. 96.
49. Rigord, Oeuvres, p. 106, 116–17; Ambroise, Crusade of Richard ll. 4,575–99, 4,686–90; Itinerarium, p. 204;
