6.

Ibid., 213.

7.

See Judith N. Shklar, American Citizenship: The Quest for Inclusion (Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1991), 25–62; James A. Gardner, 'Liberty, Community, and the Constitutional Structure of Political Influence: A Reconsideration of the Right to Vote,' University of Pennsylvania Law Review 145 (1997): 893; Quiet Revolution in the South, edited by Chandler Davidson and Bernard Grofman (Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press, 1994): 21–36.

8.

See Lani Guinier, The Tyranny of the Majority: Fundamental Fairness in Representative Democracy (New York: Free Press, 1994); Richard Thompson Ford, 'Beyond Borders: A Partial Response to Richard Briffault,' Stanford Law Review 48 (1996): 1173; Richard Thompson Ford, 'Geography and Sovereignty: Jurisdictional Formation and Racial Segregation,' Stanford Law Review 49 (1997): 1365; Jerry Frug, 'Decentering Decentralization,' University of Chicago Law Review 60 (1993): 253; Jerry Frug, 'The Geography of Community,' Stanford Law Review 48 (1996): 1047.

9.

See Michael Walzer_, Spheres of Justice: A Defense of Pluralism and Equality_ (New York: Basic Books, 1983).

10.

See Charles M. Tiebout, 'A Pure Theory of Local Expenditures,' Journal of Political Economy 64 (1956): 416; see also Clayton P. Gillette, Local Government Law: Cases and Materials (Boston: Little, Brown, 1994), 382; Vicki Been, '`Exit' as a Constraint on Land Use Exactions: Rethinking the Unconstitutional Conditions Doctrine,' Columbia Law Review 91 (1991): 473, 514–28.

11.

See David G. Post, 'Governing Cyberspace,' Wayne Law Review 43 (1996): 155; David Post, 'The New Electronic Federalism,' American Lawyer (October 1996): 93; David G. Post, 'The `Unsettled Paradox': The Internet, the State, and the Consent of the Governed,' Indiana Journal of Global Legal Studies 5 (1998): 521, 539; David R. Johnson and Kevin A. Marks, 'Mapping Electronic Data Communications onto Existing Legal Metaphors: Should We Let Our Conscience (and Our Contracts) Be Our Guide?,' Villanova Law Review 38 (1993): 487; Johnson and Post, 'Law and Borders'; David G. Post, 'Anarchy, State, and the Internet: An Essay on Law-Making in Cyberspace,' Journal of Online Law (1995): article 3, available at http://www.wm.edu/law/publications/jol/articles/post.shtml (cached: http://www.webcitation.org/5J6nZ1Sg9).

12.

See Phillip E. Areeda et al., Antitrust Law, vol. 2A (Boston: Little, Brown, 1995), 85–87.

13.

See Post, 'Anarchy, State, and the Internet,' 29–30.

14.

In the time since Code v1_,_ this point has become much more questionable. The ability of people playing games to effectively move from one game to another has increased. Here again, real space and cyberspace are becoming more alike.

15.

F. Gregory Lastowka and Dan Hunter, 'The Laws of Virtual Worlds,' California Law Review 92 (2004): 1, 73.

16.

Or at least three of the four regions in the early United States shared this history; see Fischer, Albion's Seed, 827–28.

17.

Article V of the Constitution states (obscurely no doubt) that 'provided that no Amendment which may be made prior to the Year One thousand eight hundred and eight shall in any Manner affect the first and fourth Clauses in the Ninth Section of the first Article.' These clauses state: '(1) The Migration or Importation of such Persons as any of the States now existing shall think proper to admit, shall not be prohibited by the Congress prior to the Year one thousand eight hundred and eight, but a Tax or duty may be imposed on such Importation, not exceeding ten Dollars for each Person'; and '(4) No Capitation, or other direct, Tax shall be laid, unless in Proportion to the Census or Enumeration herein before directed to be taken.'

18.

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