28 Ibid., October 1, 1982; Halle memorandum, October 4, 1982, Halle Papers, Box 4, “Correspondence 1964–84—K” folder (courtesy of Wilson D. Miscamble, C.S.C.). See also Halle, Cold War as History.
29 Halle to GFK, February 9, 1983, GFK to Halle, March 7, 1983, GFK Papers, 18:4.
30 NSDD-75, “U.S. Relations with the USSR,” January 17, 1983, at www.fas.org/irp/offdocs/nsdd/nsdd- 075.html. See also, on the drafting of NSDD-75, Pipes, Vixi, pp. 188–202; and on Reagan’s understanding of containment, Matlock, “George F. Kennan,” especially pp. 240–42. Reagan’s broadcasts on NSC-68 are in Skinner, Anderson, and Anderson, Reagan, In His Own Hand, pp. 109– 11.
31 Reagan Diary, February 15, 1983, in Brinkley, ed., Reagan Diaries, p. 198; Shultz, Turmoil and Triumph, pp. 163–65.
32 GFK Diary, March 2, 1983.
33 Shultz, Turmoil and Triumph, pp. 246–67; Hayward, Conservative Counterrevolution, pp. 288–99. The speeches are in Public Papers of the Presidents: Reagan, 1983.
34 Committee on East-West Accord address, May 17, 1983, in GFK, At a Century’s End, p. 86; Stephen S. Rosenfeld, “Prickly Prophet,” New York Times, May 20, 1983; GFK Diary, May 17, 1983.
35 GFK, “Breaking the Spell,” New Yorker 49 (October 3, 1983); GFK, “Inching Away from the Danger Zone,” Washington Post, October 11, 1983; GFK Diary, September 30, 1983.
36 Lois Romano, “Regrets & Premises: U.S.-Soviet Relations At the Wilson Center,” Washington Post, November 16, 1983.
37 Harriman to GFK, December 1, 1983; GFK to Harriman, December 6, 1983, GFK Papers, 19:3.
38 GFK Diary, January 15, 1984; Matlock to JLG, January 21, 2011, JLG Papers. Matlock did have authorization, but the calls went to all former ambassadors to the Soviet Union, as well as to certain senior academic experts.
39 Reagan Diary, January 6, 1984, in Brinkley, ed., Reagan Diaries, p. 305. The January 16 speech is in Public Papers of the Presidents: Reagan, 1984. Mrs. Reagan’s astrologer also appears to have influenced the timing. See on this, and on the composition of the speech, Matlock, Reagan and Gorbachev, pp. 80–85.
40 GFK Diary, January 29, 1984.
41 Andrew and Gordievsky, KGB, pp. 581–98.
42 Reagan Diary, October 10, November 18, December 9, 1983, January 6, 1984, in Brinkley, ed., Reagan Diaries, pp. 273, 290, 297. See also Hayward, Conservative Counterrevolution, pp. 325–32; and Fischer, Reagan Reversal, pp. 120– 38.
43 Reagan Diary, January 6, 1984, in Brinkley, ed., Reagan Diaries, p. 305.
44 Matlock, “George F. Kennan,” p. 240; Matlock to JLG, January 21, 2011, JLG Papers.
45 GFK Diary, February 20, March 23, 1984.
46 Dobrynin, In Confidence, pp. 547–48; GFK Diary, August 26, 1984.
47 Ibid., January 26, February 21, 1985.
48 Reagan Diary, March 11 and 16, 1984, in Brinkley, ed., Reagan Diaries, pp. 411, 434, 436; “Succession in Moscow: What the Specialists are Saying; Experts Differ on How Much of an Impact Gorbachev Will Have,” New York Times, March 12, 1985. For Reagan’s attempts to meet Chernenko, see Hayward, Conservative Counterrevolution, pp. 348–50.
49 GFK Diary, April 4, 21, 1985.
50 Ibid., August 24, October 27, 1985; GFK, “First Things First at the Summit,” New York Times, November 3, 1985 (emphasis added). The Norwegian ambassador was Dagfinn Stenseth, and the Houdini reference was from a James Reston column.
51 David Remnick, “The Day of the Soviet Watchers,” Washington Post, November 8, 1985; Walter Pincus, “U.S., Soviets Near Positions for ‘Real Negotiations’ at Summit,” ibid., October 29, 1985; Minutes, Reagan-Gorbachev Second Private Meeting, Geneva, November 19, 1985, at www.gwu.edu/~nsarchiv/NSAEBB/NSAEBB172/Doc19.pdf.
52 GFK Diary, November 27, 1985; GFK to JLG, December 23, 1985, JLG Papers.
53 GFK to Dobrynin, March 9, 1986, GFK Papers, 11:9; GFK Diary, March 12, 1986. See also GFK Diary, October 27, and November 16, 1985, and February 5, 1986.
54 “Summit Aftermath: The View from Moscow,” New York Times, October 15, 1986.
55 GFK Diary, October 15, 1986.
56 GFK to State Department, March 20, 1946, in FRUS: 1946, VI, 773. See also GFK Diary, December 23, 1986.
57 GFK Diary, December 9, 1987, quoted in GFK, Sketches from a Life, pp. 351–52; GFK interview, December 13, 1987, pp. 42–44. See also stories on the reception by Philip Taubman and David Remnick in The New York Times and The Washington Post, respectively, on December 9.
58 GFK to Eugene Hotchkiss, January 18, 1987, courtesy of Eugene Hotchkiss; GFK address, “The Marshall Plan and the Future of Europe,” Berlin, June 25, 1987, GFK Papers, 289:5; GFK Diary, November 26, 1987.
