115. Yao murdered his son; Shun exiled his mother’s youngest brother; Yu worked without ceasing for twelve years to harness the floods of the Yellow River and damaged his health as a result.
116. Because his father stole a sheep.
117. Because to do so he would have had to indict his father.
118. Sun, moon and stars.
119. The full name of Lieh Tzu – see p. xiv.
120. Study the Tao.
121. An ancestor of Confucius, eighth century BC.
122. Home states of Mencius and Confucius.
123. Shen Tao is known as an originator of certain Legalist concepts.
124. The traditional name of the Gatekeeper to the West, who asked Lao Tzu to write the Tao Te Ching before he left China for good.
125. Extreme north and extreme south.
Index
Actionless action; true Tao not to be talked about, xiii, xxi
Actionless action (Wu Wei), 80, 83–4, 92–3, 103, 107, 150, 187–9, 195, 208
‘Against Music’ (Mo Tzu), 298
Ah Ho Kan, 194
Ai (border warden), 19
Ai (Duke of Lu), 41–3, 181, 291
Ai Tai To, 41–2
ambition, 200, 283, 293
anger, 10, 31, 169–170, 208
animals; cats, 6; deer, 17; leopards, 154, 168; monkeys, 13–14, 17, 122, 172, 216–17; oxen, xv, 23, 293–4; pigs 160, 193; rabbits, 242; sacred tortoise, 146–7; tigers, 32–3; weasels, 6. See also dogs; horses
Ant Hill, 228
Apricot Tree Altar, 280
archery, 183–4, 214
argument, 19–20, 26–7, 67, 97–8, 150, 214–15, 218, 221
August Rulers (Three August Ones), 117, 121–2 and n., 124–6, 152 and n., 264 n.
babies, xxvii–xxviii, 200–203
beauty, 122, 175, 226, 268, 293
beginning of the beginning, 15, 179
benevolence, 16, 57, 60, 67–70, 79, 83, 90, 112, 118, 123–4, 144, 202, 220, 257, 281, 293
bigotry, 283
birds; bird of ease and emptiness, 61; chickens, 233; crane, 1, 67; dove, 2; Dried Old Bones, 154; ducks, 67; feeding, 153, 164; game, 161; goose that cackles, 167; jackdaws, 174; marsh pheasants, 23–4; owl, 222; pelicans, 240; quail, 3; raven, 126; Roc, 1, 2–3; sparrow, 208; swallow, 173–4; tailor bird, 4; Young Phoenix, 147
birth, 49, 52, 88, 142, 156
Black Curtain Forest, 280
Black Dragon, 293
bodily parts, 10, 35, 53, 64, 66, 164; control of body, 190–91; five vital organs, 66 and n.,83, 84; unity of, 201
Book of Chuang Tzu, xiv–xxx
Book of History, 211, 297
Book of Poetry, 211, 297
Book of Wonders, 1
books; archive of Confucius, 112; Classics, 112 and n., 126; value of Tao in, 114–15
bravery, 39, 149, 293
bureaucracy; minor officials, 68; top officials, 39–40. See also government
butchering skills, 22–3
butterflies, 20, 154
Chai (state), 43
Chan Tzu, 255–6
Chang Chi, 38–9
Chang Hung, 77 and n.
Chang Jo, 212
Chang Tien Cheng, 268
Chang Wu, 229
Chang Wu Tzu, 18
Chang Yi, 159
Chang Yu, 212
change, 56–8, 151, 174, 180, 197, 201, 214, 226, 230
Change (Emperor of the South Sea), 64
Chao, King of Chou, 253–4
Chao family, 205–6
Chao Hsi, Marquis of Han, 251
Chao Wen (lute player), 14
Chao (state), 77 n.
Chaos (Emperor of the Centre), 64
chapped-hand cream, 5–6
Chen (state), 62
Cheng Kao Fu, 292 and n.
Cheng of the North Gate, 118–19
Cheng, 190–1
Cheng (state), 289
Cheng Tzu Chan, 39–40 and n.
Cheng Tzu Yu, 246
Chi, 2
Chi, Master, 8–9
Chi, Prince, 236 and n.
Chi (state), 30, 33, 76–7, 152, 160, 215, 217, 220; attack on, 227–8
chi (breath of Heaven), 87
Chi Che, 98
Chi Chen, 233
Chi Chih, 299
Chi Chu, 27
Chi Hsien (shaman of spirits), 62–3
Chi Hsing Tzu, 161
Chi Kung, 177
Chi Mountain, 250, 258
Chi To, 242
Chi Tzu, 227
Chiang Lu Mien, 98
Chieh (evil ruler), 27 and n., 50, 82, 84–5, 144, 236, 268–9
Chieh (state), 258
Chieh Tzu Tui, 266
Chieh Yu, 4 and n., 60–61
Chieh Yu (madman of Chu), 35
Chien Ho, Marquis of, 237
Chien Wu, 4, 51, 60–61, 184
Chih, Robber, xxii, 69–70, 77, 78, 82, 84–5, 104, 261–77
Chih, ruler, 141
Chih Chang Man Chi, 102–4
Chih Chi, 141
Chih Ho, 238
Chih Yu, 264
Chin (musician), 120
Chin (state), 19, 99, 291
Chin Chang (master), 54
Chin Hua Li, 298
Chin Ku Li, 300
Chin Shih, 24
Ching (woodcarver), 162–3
Ching family, 205–6
Ching Ling, 257
Ching-shou (form of music), 22
Ching Tzu, 164
Chiu Fang Yin, 219
Chiu Shih, 289
Chiu Yu insects, 154
Cho Lu (battlefield), 265
Chou, Duke of, 122
Chou Dynasty, 67 and n., 258–9
Chou (Shang Emperor), 27 and n., 144, 236, 268–9
Chu, King of, 146, 185, 217, 225
Chu family, 206
Chu (state), 2, 35, 38, 42, 77 and n., 99, 112, 141 n., 151, 158, 215, 217, 253; King of, 225; travelling to, 225–34
Chu Chiao, 18
Chu Hsien, 159
Chu Jung, 79 and n.
Chu Liang, 57
Chu Ping Man, 290
Chu Po Yu, 32, 230
Chu To, 154
Chu Tzu Mountain, 212–13
Chu Yuan, 33
Chuan Hsu, 51
Chuang, Duke, 163
Chuang Tzu; on benevolence, 118; on carelessness, 229; and Confucius, xx–xxi, xxviii; on desiccated skull, 151–2; on excess of wealth, 237; existence in dreams, 20; on forgetting one’s self, 174–5; founder teacher, xiii; funeral, 294; historical details, xiii–xiv; on limited nature of things, 194; on location of Tao, 193; on man without emotion, 44; on Master Teacher, 107; mourning wife’s death, xvii, 150–51; on perfect man, 240–41; place in Taoist thought, xxvi–xxx; on poverty, 172–3; refusal of status and power, xv, xxii, xxviii, 146–7; religious background, xxviii–xxix; rivalry with Hui Tzu, xvi; scholars’ employment, 267–8; and Tao, 290; teaching method, 304; understanding teaching of, 145–6; on use of big things, 5–6; and use of swords, 275–8; on uselessness, 6, 240; on wealth, 293; writings (Chuang Tzu), xiv–xxvii
Chui (craftsman), 79, 163
Chun (ancient tree), 2
Chun Mang, 101–2
Chung, Minister, 222
Chung, Mount, 84
Chung Shan, 255
Chung Yang, 79 and n.
civilization, xxiii–xxv, 72–4, 264–6 and n.
Classics; Six, 126; Twelve, 112 and n.
Commander of the Right, 23–4
completeness, 14–15
Confucianism; arguments of, 215; words used in, 12
Confucius (Kung Fu Tzu); appearance, 238; archives of, 112; on benevolence and righteousness, 112; on change, 174, 197; changing views, 245; and Chuang Tzu, xx–xxi; on contentment, 255; criticized for being miserable, 239; on death, 170–71, 179; on destiny, 30, 152; on disfigurement, 42; on duty, 30; exiled, 171–2, 256, 283; on farmer of Primal Chaos, 100; fasting, 28–9, 170–71, 173, 256; on fate, 144; first hearing of Tao, 122–7; on flowing with the Tao, 256–7; followers, 178–9; and four evils, 283; on government, 183, 184–5; on grasping Tao through argument, 97–8; on Great Way, 26, 29; on human heart, 292; and hunchback, 158; on innate nature of things, 266–7; on judging men by their demeanour, 28; on keeping the law, 261–2; and Lao Tzu, 124–7; on learning,
