1954, p. 225. Notes to Pages 245–253
27 Adamovich and Granin, A Book of the Blockade, p. 78.
28 Klara Rakhman, unpublished manuscript in possession of the author’s grandson, p. 5 (7 December 1941.)
29 Lev Uspensky, ‘Gordost i lyubov moya’, in G. S. Melnik and G. V. Zhirkov, eds, Radio, blokada, Leningrad, St Petersburg, 2002, pp. 203–4.
30 Lisa A. Kirschenbaum, The Legacy of the Siege of Leningrad, 1941–1995: Myth, Memories, and Monuments, pp. 54, 72.
31 Ibid., p. 66. There is confusion about when February Diary was first broadcast. In her autobiography of 1952, Berggolts recounts that a last-minute call from the censor prevented its broadcast on Red Army Day itself, and that it was not published in full until May. Other accounts, however, describe the broadcast going ahead as planned. Extracts were certainly published in ‘wall newspapers’ and widely circulated before spring.
32 Aleksandr Rubashkin, Golos Leningrada: Leningradskoye Radio v dni blokady, p. 136.
33 See Mikhail Shkarovsky, ‘Iskrenniy privet ot Stalina: religioznaya zhizn blokadnogo Leningrada’, Rodina, 1, 2003, pp. 146–50.
34 Report on the ‘Liquidation of the Archimandrite Klavdi Group’, 1 October 1942. In Andrei Dzeniskevich, ed., Leningrad v osade: sbornik dokumentov, doc. 192, p. 446.
35 Editor’s footnote to Olga Berggolts, Zvezda, 4, April 1991, pp. 128–41 (8 February 1942).
36 Berggolts, Zvezda, 4, April 1991, pp. 128–41 (4 September 1941).
37 Adamovich and Granin, A Book of the Blockade, pp. 261, 442.
38 Likhachev, Reflections on the Russian Soul, p. 244.
39 European University of St Petersburg Oral History Project, ‘Blokada v sudbakh i pamyati leningradtsev’, interviewee no. 42.
40 Svetlana Magayeva and Albert Pleysier, Surviving the Blockade of Leningrad, p. 99.
Chapter 13: Svyazi 1 Anna Ostroumova-Lebedeva, Avtobiograficheskiye zapiski: Leningrad v blokade, pp. 271, 275 (1 January and 13 February 1942).
2 Aelita Vostrova, interviewee no. 17, European University at St Petersburg Oral History Project, ‘Blokada v sudbakh i pamyati leningradtsev’.
3 Olga Grechina, ‘Spasayus spasaya chast 1: pogibelnaya zima (1941–1942 gg.)’, Neva, 1, 1994, pp. 249–50. Notes to Pages 254–261
4 Richard Bidlack, ‘Survival Strategies in Leningrad during the First Year of the Soviet-German War’, in Robert Thurston and Bernd Bonwetsch, eds, The People’s War: Responses to World War Two in the Soviet Union, pp. 93–5.
5 Yelena Skrjabina, Siege and Survival: The Odyssey of a Leningrader, p. 54 (15 January 1941).
6 Georgi Makogonenko, in Ales Adamovich and Daniil Granin, A Book of the Blockade, p. 378.
7 Olga Berggolts, ‘Blokadniy dnevnik’, Zvezda, 3, April 1991, p. 143 (25 February 1942).
8 Berggolts, 23 and 25 March 1942, in ‘Ob etikh tetradyakh’, Zvezda, 5, 1990, pp. 190–91.
9 Mariya Mashkova, ‘Iz blokadnykh zapisei’, in V pamyat ushedshikh i vo slavu zhivushchikh: dnevniki, vospominania, pisma, p. 77 (23 April 1942).
10 Andrei Dzeniskevich, ed., Leningrad v osade: sbornik dokumentov, doc. 210, p. 517.
11 William Moskoff, The Bread of Affliction: The Food Supply in the USSR during World War Two, p. 181.
12 Vera Inber, Leningrad Diary, p. 72 (27 March 1942).
13 Lidiya Ginzburg, Blockade Diary, pp. 66–7.
14 For another example, see Dmitri Likhachev, Reflections on the Russian Soul: A Memoir, p. 228.
15 Valerian Bogdanov-Berezovsky, Iz dnevnikov blokadnykh let, typescript, RGALI: Fond 1817, op. 2, yed. khr. 185, pp. 26–7 (25 January 1942).
16 See Dzeniskevich, ed., Leningrad v osade, document no. 216, p. 528.
17 Likhachev, Reflections on the Russian Soul, pp. 235–6.
18 Ibid., pp. 238–40, 264. For more examples of corruption, see Skrjabina on senior hospital staff and their families, Siege and Survival, pp. 68, 71 (11 February 1942).
19 Adamovich and Granin, A Book of the Blockade, p. 441.
20 Skrjabina, Siege and Survival, p. 62 (4 February 1942).
21 See James Clapperton, The Siege of Leningrad and the Ambivalence of the Sacred: Conversations with Survivors, Ph.D. thesis, Edinburgh University, 2006, p. 294.
22 Skrjabina, Siege and Survival, p. 41 (26 November 1941).
23 Tamara Neklyudova, in Cynthia Simmons and Nina Perlina, eds, Writing the Siege: Women’s Diaries, Memoirs and Documentary Prose, p. 62.
24 Inber, Leningrad Diary, p. 65; Bidlack, ‘Survival Strategies’, p. 91.
25 Bidlack, ‘Survival Strategies’, p. 94. Notes to Pages 261–269
26 Ostroumova-Lebedeva, 22 May 1942, in Simmons and Perlina, eds, Writing the Siege, p. 32.
27 Skrjabina, Siege and Survival, pp. 38, 42–3, 60 (12 and 29 November 1941, 27 January 1942).
28 Aleksandr Boldyrev, Osadnaya zapis: blokadniy dnevnik, p. 82 (3 April 1942); Likhachev, Reflections on the Russian Soul, pp. 230–31. See also Ivan Zhilinsky, ‘Blokadniy dnevnik’, Voprosy istorii, 5, 1996, 22 December 1941, p. 9, on Leningraders trading dresses and hats with the workers at the pig farm behind the Serafimovskoye cemetery.
29 Dzeniskevich, ed., Leningrad v osade, doc. 187, p. 436.
30 Dmitri Lazarev, ‘Vospominaniya o blokade’, in Trudy Gosudarstvennogo Muzeya Istorii Sankt-Peterburga, vol. 5, p. 234.
31 Report to Zhdanov by the head of the ‘instructors’ department’ of the city Party Committee, Antyufeyev, 27 January 1942. TsGAIPD SPb: Fond 24, op. 2v, delo 5760.
32 Bidlack, ‘Survival Strategies’, pp. 96, 106; Leon Goure, The Siege of Leningrad, p. 192. See also the Harvard Project on the Soviet Social System, Schedule B, vol. 2, case 260, pp. 6, 14 (available online from the Widener Library).
33 Likhachev, Reflections on the Russian Soul, p. 253; Vasili Yershov, untitled typescript, Research Program on the USSR, Bakhmeteff Archive, Columbia University, p. 72.
34 Nikolai Ribkovsky, in Nataliya Kozlova, ed., Sovyetskiye lyudi: stseni i istorii, pp. 264, 267–9, 276.
35 Nikita Lomagin, Neizvestnaya blokada, vol. 1, pp. 151–2.
36 See Dzeniskevich, ed., Leningrad v osade, doc. 126, p. 273.
37 Likhachev, Reflections on the Russian Soul, p. 223.
38 Report to Kuznetsov, 28 November 1941. Dzeniskevich, ed., Leningrad v osade, doc. 127, pp. 274–6.
39 Report of 28–29 January 1942. Lomagin, Neizvestnaya blokada, vol. 2, doc. 64, pp. 281, 284.
Chapter 14: ‘Robinson Crusoe Was a Lucky Man’ 
