Biological Exuberance: Animal Homosexuality and Natural Diversity

Breeding rare, incomplete, non-yearly (heterosexual)

mammals: primates marine hoofed other

birds: waterfowl shore other

see also Infrequency of heterosexual mating

Bryant, Anita

Buffon, Georges-Louis Lederc de

Bunyard, Peter

Butler, Octavia E.

Byne, William

Cameron, Anne

Cannibalism mammals birds

Capra, Fritjof

Caprio, F. S.

Captivity, homosexuality and see Explanations—pathology

Carroll, Lewis

Carse, James

Cattet, Marc

Chadwick, Douglas

Chaos theory

Chimera see Intersexuality

Chrystos

Cleopatra

Clitoral penetration see Penetration

Clitoris

mammals: primates marine hoofed other

Cloacal contact see Penetration

Communal breeding groups see Explanations—helpers; Nonbreeders—helpers

Companionships (homosexual)

mammals: primates marine hoofed other

birds

see also Parenting; Trios, quartets

Competition for homosexual partners see Preference (homosexual)

Consortships see Partnerships

Copulatory plugs see Vaginal plugs

Counter-reproductive heterosexual strategies see Abortion; Abuse of offspring; Cannibalism; Egg destruction; Infanticide; Mortality, stress in breeders; Siblicide; Vaginal plugs

Courtship, other display behaviors (homosexual)

primates

marine mammals

hoofed mammals

other mammals

waterfowl

shore birds

perching birds

other birds

see also Differences between homosexual and heterosexual behaviors; Lek; Vocalizations

Creches, nursery groups

mammals

birds

Cultural behavior, (homo)sexuality as