The Whisperers

xlink:href='#calibre_link-1169'>211, 212, 213, 215

failure, 206–7importance, in Gulag system, 101, 117

‘kulak’ children, 353

writers and, 193–4, 196, 197–8, 200

refuseniks, 646

rehabilitation, 576–80compensation and, 580–81 need for, 578, 579

process of, 577

Reifshneider family, 177, 182, 183

religion campaign against, 5, 7, 68, 127

family conflict over, 45–6

relaxation of controls on, 435, 437

secret observance, 46–7, 61

transmission, 44–6 See also Church, Russian Orthodox; priests renunciation, by children, 130–32, 300–304, 343–4, 349, 475–7repentance, Party and, 35, 244

Republic of Shkid (Belykh), 12– 13residence, rights of, 98, 573– 4, 652–3Revolution (1905), 3

Revolution (1917) ascetic culture, 158

fundamental goal, 4

intelligentsia and, 593

internationalism, 67

Jews and, 65

utopian projections, 187Revolution Betrayed, The (Trotsky), 157

Riazan, 47, 49, 50, 58, 61, 201, 293

Military School, 58

Right Opposition (1930s), 154, 230

Riutin, N. N., 154

Rodak, Maia, 277–80Rodchenko, Aleksandr, 193

Rokossovsky, General Konstantin, 395, 465

Romashkin, Vasily, 27–8, 29– 30, 640, 640

Roskin, Gregorii, 492

ROVS, see Russian General Military Union Rubina, Liubov, 445–6

Rublyov family, 90–91, 104– 5, 105, 526

Russian Association of Proletarian Writers (RAPP), 132, 256

Russian Empire, anti-Semitism, 508

Russian General Military Union (ROVS), 240

Russians, cultural/political superiority, 487

Rykov, A. I., 154, 230, 238, 438

‘saboteurs’, arrest, 113

sacrifice, military, as ideal, 487

sacrifice, personal cult of, 416

post-war, 467

readiness for, 416–17, 419

Revolution and, 30, 158

Sagatsky, Aleksandr, 548–52, 551

St Petersburg (later Petrograd and Leningrad), 3, 18, 365, 430

Sakharov, Andrei, 541n

Sakharov, Nikolai, 265

Salisbury, Harrison, 492–3Saltykov, Leonid, 476–7, 642, 642–3Salyn, Eduard, 283

samizdat literature, 605, 634, 635, 647

Samoilov, David, 416, 443– 4Samoyeds, 210

Saratov, 38, 63, 139, 141

Sartre, Jean-Paul, 499

satirists, Soviet, 489

Sazonov family, 175, 184

Sbitneva, Svetlana, 525–6

schools, Soviet and change in children’s values, 32, 126

curriculum, 20

exclusion from, 142, 294– 5, 330, 345

humanitarian teachers, 294–8 and