‘kulak’ children, 142, 145–6

‘Lenin corners’, 21, 24

Marxism, role, 20

peasants in, 126

population, 471

primary role, 20, 24

progressive, 21–2propaganda, 273–4 sciences ‘anti-Soviet elements’, repressive measures, 492

Soviet achievements, 487–8Scout movement, 25

Search and Requisition, children’s game, 25

Second World War (1941–45), 379–87, 392–4anti-Stalin songs, 434

Belorussian Front, 381, 441, 442

Briansk Front, 395, 399, 410

censorship in, 371, 383, 443, 464

Church in, 414

citizens’ defence, 420

as defining event, 618

demographic consequences, 456–7devastation caused, 455–8evacuees, 387, 388–92factories transported east (1941), 388, 423

food shortages (1941), 392

German retreat, 421–2German surrender, 446

government evacuated to Kuibyshev (1941), 392

industrial reorganization, 422–3Kerch offensive (1942), 395, 410‘labour army’, 423–5as ‘liberation’, 431– 46memories, 618–20Minsk front, 411

national unity in, 419–20, 440

newspapers, 619

Operation Little Saturn, 418, 421

Operation Uranus, 418, 421

‘panic-mongerers’, war on, 381, 383, 385–6patriotism in, 413–15as people’s victory, 615–16, 617, 618

propaganda, 383, 401, 411, 413–14, 624–5railways built, 423

rationing, 423

rumours, spread, 384

South-West Front, 418

Soviet counter-offensive (1941–2), 393

Soviet losses (1941–2), 420–21, 616, 625

Soviet mortality, 456–7Soviet retreat (1941), 381–4, 411, 416

as spiritual purification, 440–41‘spontaneous de-Stalinization’ (1941–3), 432, 618

Stalin’s role, 615–16, 619

Ukrainian Front, 418–19, 441

victory, 446–9, 617, 618–20 Voronezh lost (1942), 410

Western Front, 386 See also Great Patriotic War Semashko, Nikolai, 14

Semyonova, Anna, 279

Serebrianyi Bor, 165

Serov, Anatoly, 376–7Serova, Valentina, 375, 375–8, 482, 484

alcoholism, 402, 608

breakdown, 609–10 divorce from Simonov, 608–10Simonov and, 375, 377–8, 394–7, 401–3, 403, 609 Stalin and, 377

Severnaia Zemlia, 214, 276

sexual attitudes, 11, 161

Shalamov, Varlam, 117, 566, 607, 635

Shaltyr ‘special settlement’, 100–103, 121, 122, 145, 656

Shaporina, Liubov, 241

Shaw, G. B., 482

Shcherbakov, Aleksandr, 401

Shcherbov-Nefedovich, Irina, 386

Sherbakova, Irina, 587, 1

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