Berlin: The Downfall 1945

p. 14 ‘You will harvest…’, RGALI 1710/3/47, p. 19

p. 15 ‘disconcertedness’, VOV, iii, p. 232, n. 8

p. 15 Konstanty Rokosowski, I am most grateful to Norman Davies for supplementary information

p. 15 ‘Why this disgrace?’, Rokossovsky, p. 297

p. 16 ‘I know very well…’, Zhukov, p. 174

p. 16 ‘wicked little eyes…’, Beria, p. 130

p. 16 Korsun, see Erickson, pp. 177–9

p. 17 16th Panzer Division, 21st Army, TsAMO 233/2374/337, p. 70

p. 17 ‘fire-storm’, Colonel Liebisch, AWS, p. 617

p. 17 ‘Forward into the fascist lair!’, VOV, iii, p. 236

p. 17 ‘Gold’, Konev, p. 5

p. 18 Sochaczew, TsAMO 307/246791/2, pp. 225–7

p. 18 ‘with their tracks’, TsAMO 307/15733/3, pp. 37–8

p. 18 ‘two or three hours’, Grossman papers, RGALI 1710/3/51, pp. 237–8

p. 18 ‘because of the big advance…’, Bormann diary, GARF 9401/2/97, pp. 32–48

p. 19 ‘very stupid’, ‘a prestige garrison’, NA RG334/Entry 309/Box 2

p. 19 ‘to start the advance’, ViZh 93, No. 6, pp. 30–31

p. 20 ‘Stalin emphasized…’, ?A RG334/Entry 309/Box 2

p. 20 ‘Ah, what a life…’, RGALI 1710/3/47, p·14

p. 21 ‘Our tanks move faster…’, Grossman papers, RGALI 1710/3/51, pp. 237–8

p. 21 ‘ear battalion’, Duffy, p. 103

p. 21 ‘You must stop everything!’, Humboldt, conversation, 11 October 1999

p. 21 ‘That evening’, Humboldt, conversation, 11 October 1999

p. 22 ‘the situation in the east…’, GARF 9401/2/97, pp. 32–48

p. 22 ‘half an hour before…’, Guderian, p. 327

p. 22 ‘We saw the destruction of Warsaw…’, Klochkov, p. 28

p. 22 Warsaw population figures, VOV, iii, p. 240

p. 23 ‘a single undulating red sea…’, Grossman, Krasnaya Zvezda, 9 February

3 FIRE AND SWORD AND ‘NOBLE FURY’

p. 24 ‘Noble fury’, from the patriotic anthem ‘Sacred War’: ‘Arise vast country/arise for the mortal battle/with the dark fascist force,/with the accursed horde./Let the noble fury/boil up like a wave,/the people’s war is going on,/the sacred war.’

p. 24 ‘master of military…’, Ehrenburg, p. 100

p. 25 ‘Self-propelled guns…’, Grossman papers, RGALI 1710/3/47, p. 14

p. 25 ‘It’s impossible…’, Ehrenburg, p. 100

p. 25 ‘the Jew, Ilya…’, 16 January, BA-B R55/793, p. 9

p. 25 ‘There was a time’, Krasnaya Zvezda, 25 November 1944

p. 26 ‘in weather…’, General der Artillerie Felzmann, XXVII Corps, ?A RG 338, D- 281

p. 27 Walter Beier, Ramm, 1994, p. 164

p. 27 ‘the second Stalin’, Kershaw, 2000, p. 406

p. 28 sixty-two raped and murdered women and young girls, Donhoff, p. 18

p. 28 ‘Red Army soldiers…’, Agranenko papers, RGALI 2217/2/17, p. 22

p. 28 ‘engaged in the propaganda…’, Kopelev, p. 10

p. 29 ‘many Germans declare…’, Tkatchenko to Beria, GARF 9401/2/94, p. 87

p. 29 ‘There you are, Vera’, TsAMO 372/6570/76, quoted Senyavskaya, 1995, p. 99

p. 30 ‘personally shot…’, Kopelev, p. 56

p. 30 ‘When we breed…’, TsAMO 372/6570/78, pp. 199–203

p. 30 ‘Our soldiers’ behaviour…’, Agranenko papers, RGALI 2217/2/17, p. 42

p. 30 ‘frenzied scream’, Kopelev, p. 50

p. 31 ‘They all lifted their skirts…’, Maltsev, conversation, 29 October 2001

p. 31 ‘Our fellows were so sex-starved’, Werth, p. 964

p. 31 ‘mass poisoning…’, RGVA 32925/1/100, p. 58

p. 31 ‘Russian soldiers…’, Bark and Gress, p. 33

p. 32 ‘The extreme violence…’, Life and Fate, p. 241

p. 32 ‘deindividualize’, Kon, p. 23

p. 32 ‘barracks eroticism’, Yuri Polyakov, quoted Kon, p. 26

p. 33 ‘Even the trees were enemy’, Kovalenko, conversation, 21 September 1999

p. 33 ‘Comrade Marshal’, Agranenko papers, RGALI 2217/2/17, p. 22

p. 34 ‘How should one treat…’, Agranenko papers, RGALI 2217/2/17, p. 26

p. 34 ‘disgusted by the plenty’, Shcheglov, p. 299

p. 34 wirelesses, see Solzhenitsyn, 2000, p. 125

p. 34 ‘politically incorrect conclusions’, TsAMO 372/6570/76, pp. 92–4

p. 34 ‘anti-Soviet quotations…’, TsAMO 372/6570/68, p. 12

p. 35 ‘You cannot imagine…’, N. Reshetnikova, 9 February, quoted Senyavskaya, 2000, pp. 180–81

p. 35 ‘We thought they…’, Agranenko papers, RGALI 2217/2/17

p. 35 ‘tumultuous market’, Solzhenitsyn, 1983, p. 67

p. 35 ‘direct and unmistakable…’, Kopelev, p. 52

p. 36 ‘Russians are absolutely…’, Krivenko to Beria, Leonid Reshin, ‘Tovarisch Ehrenburg uproshchaet: The Real Story of the Famous Pravda Article’, Novoe Vremya, No. 8, 1994

p. 36 ‘They ran away…’, quoted Senyavskaya, 2000, p. 273

p. 36 ‘very few Germans left…’, Shikin to Aleksandrov, 28 January, RGASPI 17/125/320, p. 18

p. 37 ‘Dear Papa!’ Shcheglov, p. 289

p. 37 Frische Nehrung, BA-B R55/616, p. 184

p. 37 ‘the passengers on the carts…’, KA-FU, EI: 18, Vol.6

p. 38 ‘The majority are women…’, GARF 9401/2/93, p. 343

p. 38 1.5 million Soviet Jews, Merridale, p. 293

4 THE GREAT WINTER OFFENSIVE

p. 39 ‘The soldier is the child of the people’, General Blumentritt, NA RG 338B-338

p. 39 ‘Let our husbands…’, Serov to Beria, GARF 9401/2/93, p. 334

p. 39 ‘Vampire!’, Freytag von Loringhoven, conversation, 4 October 1999

p. 39 ‘The fighting will not stop…’, KA-FU, EI: 18, Vol. 6

p. 39 ‘catastrophe beds’, HUA-CD 2600 Charite Dir. 421–24/1 Bd x, pp. 114, 115

p. 40 ‘The Fuhrer’s call…’, ?A RG338, B-627

p. 40 ‘All the peoples…’, SHAT 7 ? 128, Direction Generale et Inspection des P.G. de