God's War: A New History of the Crusades

John the Fearless, count of Nevers, duke of Burgundy 854–7, 858, 861

John of Friaise 510

John of Gaunt, duke of Lancaster 853, 854, 901

John Hunyadi, regent of Hungary 862–3, 867–9

John of Ibelin, lord of Arsuf 727, 728

John of Ibelin, ‘Old Lord of Beirut’ 494, 725, 748

John of Ibelin, count of Jaffa 727, 728, 729–31, 784, 787, 791, 806

Le Livre des Assises 729–30

John of Mantua 67

John Paston II, owner of a book on Richard I 886

John Paul II, pope 560, 917

John Phocas, pilgrim 221

John of Plano Carpini, OFM 785

John Sarrasin, French civil servant 787

John Scot Erigena 37

John Torcello, Greek agent 859

John of Wurzburg, pilgrim 217, 221, 253, 677

John Wyclif, heresiarch 901, 905

De Cruciata 901

John of Xanten, preacher 619

Joscelin I of Courtenay, count of Edessa 186–7, 221, 271

Joscelin II of Courtenay, count of Edessa 188–9, 268, 331

Joscelin III of Courtenay, titular count of Edessa 357, 358–60, 364

Joscius, archbishop of Tyre 374, 376, 493

Joseph, monk of Canterbury and pilgrim 83

Julian Caesarini, cardinal 862–3

Julius II, pope 901

Julius III, pope 902

just war 32–51, 258

Kalavun, sultan of Egypt 732, 817, 818

Kalojan, king of Bulgaria 510

Kalonymos, rabbi of Mainz 101–2

al-Kamil, sultan of Egypt 630–49 passim, 742, 745–6, 747–52, 755, 764

Karaman 427

Kerak 203, 224, 363, 367, 372, 639

Kerbogha, atabeg of Mosul 129, 134, 137, 138, 140–41, 143, 144, 146–7, 149, 186, 204, 246

Khwarazmians, Turkish freebooters 746, 769, 771

Kibotos 82, 98, 99, 108, 119

Kilij Arslan I, sultan of Rum 124, 127, 128, 129–30, 174, 203

Kilij Arslan II, sultan of Rum 419, 426

Knightsbridge 255

Konya 131, 534

see also Iconium

Koran, the, translations of 245, 859

Kossovo, battle of (1389) 843, 863; (1448) 863

La Forbie, battle of (1244) 771

La Merced, Order of 667

Ladislaus, king of Bohemia 282

Ladislaus IV, king of Hungary 862–3

Lambert, bishop of Arras 63

Landulph, Byzantine agent 327

Lapps 4

Las Navas de Tolosa, battle of (1212) 612, 668–9

Lateran, St John, palace and church of, Rome

First General Church Council at (1123) 488–9, 664

Third General Church Council at (1179) 489, 551, 578, 580, 583

Fourth General Church Council at (1215) 260, 387, 481, 482, 487, 568, 585, 598–9, 616–17, 687, 893

Fifth General Church Council at (1512–17) 873

Lattakiah 117, 135–6, 150, 161, 178, 190, 193, 628, 817

Lavaur, massacre at (1211) 579–80, 584, 585

Lazarus, Order of 256–7

Leo II, king of Armenia 490, 493–4, 632, 644, 716

Leo III, pope 5

Leo IV, pope 38

Leo IX, pope 14, 46

Leopold V, duke of Austria 398–9, 418, 453, 472, 478

Leopold VI, duke of Austria 487, 584, 606, 615, 626, 629, 635, 669

Lepanto, battle of (1571) 903–4

Limoges 72, 74

Lincoln, battle of (1217) 896

Lisbon, siege of (1147) 300, 304, 308–17, 665

Lithuania 677, 682, 684, 689, 693–4, 705–10

Livonia 488, 491, 500, 681, 685–94, 701, 705, 706, 711

Livre au Roi 729

Livy 32

locusts, plagues of 181

Lombards 61, 98, 172–3, 174, 175, 224

War of 725–6

London, Londoners 3, 300, 309, 396, 412, 414, 432, 438, 608

Lorraine, Lorrainers 59, 62, 79, 81, 108–10, 293

Louis, duke of Orleans 854

Louis I, count of Blois 502–3, 505, 507–8, 510, 518, 520, 550, 556, 613

Louis I, count of Clermont, duke of Bourbon 878–9, 880–81, 883

Louis I, duke of Bavaria 625, 645, 741

Louis II, duke of Bourbon 852–3, 883

Louis III, landgrave of Thuringia 413, 418, 428

Louis IV, king of Germany 705, 830, 899

Louis IV, landgrave of Thuringia 744, 746–7

Louis VII, king of France 16, 18, 252, 275–81, 283, 289–338 passim, 384, 420, 489, 550, 580, 737

Louis VIII, king of France 451, 453, 566, 576, 588, 592, 598–601, 620, 622

Louis IX, king of France 345, 558, 601, 670, 727, 728, 737, 758, 759, 762, 769, 830, 881, 908

first crusade 604, 722, 770–802, 803–4, 909

second crusade 805–14

Louis XI, king of France 870

Louis XII, king of France 873

Lowestoft 414

Lubeck 305, 430, 685, 689, 690–92, 701, 702, 704, 744

Lucca 61, 118

Lucius II, pope 273–4, 581