The Whisperers

torture, 309, 310– 11

Piatnitsky, Vladimir, 228, 229, 231n, 241, 249, 297, 309

bullied, 289

and Osip’s arrest, 307–8

turns himself in, 313–14

Piatnitsky family, 228–9, 288–9

pilots, 376–7, 416

Pilsudski, Marshal Jozef, 241

Pioneers, 20, 25–8, 39, 45, 480

aim, 27

confidence, 46, 126

exclusion from, 26, 142, 146

as family, 125

function, 129

in labour camps, 359

militarism, 417

and renunciation, 300

‘reviews’, 27

and sense of acceptance, 341, 343, 349

‘work plans’, 27

Pirozhkova, Vera, 438

Podlubny, Stepan, 143–5

poetry

patriotism and, 401, 414– 15

Socialist Realism, 397, 400

wartime, 396–401

Poland

German invasion (1939), 372

invasion of Russia, 164, 241

invasion of Ukraine, 240–41

reluctance to allow Soviet troops, 372

Soviet invasion of (1939), 372, 373

uprising (1862–4), 55

wartime devastation, 456n

Poles post-war arrests, 467, 468, 469

seen as spies, 240

Politburo

collective leadership, 536

decree against History of European Philosophy, 492

and forced labour, 113, 117

internal passport system, 98

and ‘kulaks’, 87, 93

Leningraders in, 465–6

purge (1933), 155

and Zhukov, 465

Pollitt, Harry, 229

Polovyk, Vasily, 375

Poloz family, 218–23

Popov, Yevgeny, 626–7

Popovkin, Yevgeny, 622

Portugalov, Valentin, 268

Potapov, Pyotr, 244

Potma labour camps, 331, 449, 450, 511, 561, 570, 650

Potupchik, Ivan, 124

poverty after arrests, 234, 249–51, 318, 405, 563

equality in, 181

hierarchy of, 171

post-war, 458

socialism and, 158

urban, 7

POWs, see prisoners-of-war

Pozern, Boris, 333–4‘

Prague Spring’, 623

Pravda, 93, 143, 159, 191, 397, 434, 490n, 491, 495, 498, 522, 527, 528, 592

Preobrazhensky family, 54

Priazhka Psychiatric

Hospital, Petrograd, 54

prices, inflation, 72, 467