Young Stalin

130

3. GF IML 8.2.1.26.22–6 (1934) and 8.2.1.26.36–9 (1937), Natalia Kirtava-Sikharulidze memoirs. GF IML 8.2.1.43, N. Kirtava-Sikharulidze. GF IML 8.2.1.31, V. Lomdzharia-Javakikidze: soldier’s uniform. GF IML 8.2.1.34, I. Mshvidabadze: railway uniform—also RGASPI 558.4.655. GF IML 2913.2.4, F. Makharadze—suspicions of Stalin as police agent.

131

4. Stalin’s nationalist views, Batumi, Gori, the Credo: RGASPI 157.1.54, M. Tskhakaya. Service, Stalin, p. 55. S. Kavtaradze unpublished mss. GF IML 8.2.1.19, S. Kavtaradze. Ostrovsky, pp. 214–17. Bibineishvili, pp. 79–83. Kirtava turns down Stalin: GF IML 8.2.1.26.22–6 (1934) and 8.2.1.26.36–9 (1937), Natalia Kirtava-Sikharulidze. GF IML 8.2.1.43, N. Kirtava-Sikharulidze. Beaten up: Ostrovsky, pp. 214–17. Kun, p. 66.

132

5. GF IML 8.2.1.25, V. Ketskhoveli. Davrichewy, p. 35—papers in name of Petrov/ Pavlov. Ostrovsky, pp. 216–17.

133

6. Imeret-Mingrel Committee: RGASPI 157.1.54, M. Tskhakaya. GF IML 8.2.1.19, S. Kavtaradze. Bibineishvili, pp. 80–82. Arrests, escapes and house moves: GF IML 8.2.1.5, G. F. Berdzenovshvili. Union Committee: RGASPI 558.4.658, Ts. Zelikson. Fishing: GF IML 8.2.1.34, I. Mshvidabadze: railway uniform—also RGASPI 558.4.655. Makharadze, Ocherki, p. 76. Tucker, p. 98. Baku: RGASPI 558.4.93. Kun, p. 92. Leader: GF IML 8.5.320. Kutaisi description and quote by P. Makharadze: Jones, pp. 88–89; Guria and Kutaisi landscape: “mountains, swampy valleys”—this is a direct quote from Jones, p. 133. Ten trips, etc.: Ostrovsky, pp. 576–77. Escapes, Budu and Stalin stories: interview with Izolda Mdivani (widow of Budu’s son Vahtang) and Mdivani family in Tbilisi, Georgia, 2006.

134

7. Stalin’s behaviour in Kutaisi. “Poliziya i soratniki ob I. V. Staline—A tsel ta chtoby pokazatsya narodu velikim chelovekom,” Otechestvenyye Arkhiv, no. 4, 1995, pp. 77–80. The archivist whom Beria asked to find the letter was X. Serova, sister of one of his secret policemen, I. A. Serov. Stalin to Davitishvili in Leipzig and Lenin’s reaction: Stalin, Works, 1:55–58. Influence of Jordania: Jones, p. 127. New Year’s Eve, 1904, disturbing banquet: GF IML 8.2.1.11, Alexei Zakhomildin.

135

8. Baku, Jan. 1905: RGASPI 71.10.189. The Revolution, bloody Sunday: Orlando Figes, A People’s Tragedy (henceforth Figes), pp. 173–86. Stalin, Works 1:75. Makharadze and Stalin editors: Jones, p. 109.

136

9. Stalin, Works, 1:75.

137

1. Baku: RGASPI 558.4.583, Mamed Mamediarov, Muktar Gadzhiev. Essad Bey, p. 69. Baku: Tolf, The Russian Rockefellers, pp. 151–58. Jorg Baberowski, Der Feind ist uberall, pp. 77–79.

138

2. Stalin, Works, 1:82–84 and 85–89. Thousands of dead: Armen Ohanian quoted in Tom Reiss, The Orientalist, p. 14.

139

3. S. Talakvadze, Kistorii Kommunisticheskoi partii Gruzii, 1:118.

140

4. Chavichvili, Patrie, prisons, exil, p. 70. Stalin, Works, 1:422–23. Guria: Jones, p. 149—Victor Taratuta quote on separate republic. Committee as Tsar: Bibineishvili, p. 119. Debate with Isidore Ramishvili, Comrade Koba in Tskhratskaro, escape, cleanshaven, meeting in Gotsadze’s father’s house: GF IML 8.2.1.11.30–3, Davit Got-sadze. It is possible that this was one occasion when he was hidden in the nearby mansion of Chiatura manganese tycoon Prince Jibo Abashidze, ancestor of President Mikhail Saakashvili: see Sandra Roelofs Saakashvili, Story of an Idealist, pp. 37–38.

141

5. Circumcised Yids: Arsenidze, p. 221.