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B. Nikolaevsky, “Bol-shevistky zentr,” Rodina, nos. 2 and 5, 1992:no. 2, pp. 13–36. Krasin and Bogdanov: Stanford, Paris Okhrana, box 200, folder ID XVII n4a and folder XVII m 1. Tsintsadze on Chiatura railway heist—21,000 roubles in Souvarine, Staline, p. 100. Arsenidze, p. 232. Bombs and Krasin: Williams, pp. 61–63, 112. Radzinsky, Stalin, p. 59. Baikaloff, I Knew Stalin, pp. 20–21. Litvinov’s arms buying: see Istorichesty Arkhiv, no. 4, 1960, pp. 95–110. Hugh D. Phillips, Between the Revolution and the West: A Political Biography of Maxim M. Litvinov, pp. 9–11. “From Bolshevik to British Subject—the Early Years of M. Litvinov,” Slavic Review 48, no. 3, Fall 1989, pp. 388–98. Kamo’s visit to Lenin: Krupskaya quoted in Trotsky, Stalin, p. 105. Bibineishvili, pp. 116–30. S. F. Medvedeva-Ter-Petrossian, “Tovarish Kamo.” RGASPI 332.1.53: 15 (2) O2. 23 (10), 1905–1910, TSK Organized Committee to Investigate Tiflis Expropriation: abroad led by Y. Tychko and A. Ornatsky (Chicherin); in Tiflis led by Tigranov, Angreevsky, Nadejdin; it conducted interviews with Voznesensky, 20 Sept. 1907, and 10 June 1908 and in Baku with Comrade Koba (J. Stalin), 19 Mar. 1908. GDMS 87.1955–368.11–13, Alexandra “Sashiko” Svanidze-Monoselidze. The other inside man: GF IML 8.2.1.54.214–15, Kote Charkviani. GF IML 8.2.1.22, G. Kasradze, quoted by Ostrovsky, pp. 259–67. Tiflis Committee including Stalin and Philip Makharadze approve robbery: Arsenidze, interviews nos. 1–3, 103–4, Nikolaevsky box 667, series 279, folder 4–5. On Gigo Kasradze: GF IML 8.2.1.624.1–26, Bachua Kupriashvili.

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3. Arrest of Kato: GF IML 8.2.1.34.317–54, Mikheil Misha Monoselidze. GDMS 87.1955–368.1–16, Alexandra “Sashiko” Svanidze-Monoselidze. Note from Moscow police: GIAG 153.1.3440. Bakinsky Rabochyii, 25 Apr. 1931, and 21 Apr. 1936. November 1906 heist: Kote Tsintsadze in Souvarine, Staline, pp. 99–100. Baikaloff, I Knew Stalin, pp. 20–21. Arsenidze, p. 232. Kutaisi: Tsintsadze, pp. 41–49. Dubinsky-Mukhadze, Kamo, pp. 61–80. Kutaisi Kamo, and girls: GF IML 8.2.2.64, Alexandra Darakhvelidze-Margvelashvili. Geifman, Thou Shalt Kill, p. 115.

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4. Berlin: Smith, pp. 194–96, Krupskaya on Berlin. V. I. Lenin, Polnoe Sobranie Sochineniya (henceforth Lenin PSS), 15:571. Stalin on Berlin: Milovan Djilas, Conversations with Stalin, p. 79. W. S. Churchill, Second World War (London, 1951), 6:601. Stalin, Works, 2:408–9. RGASPI 71.0.406 and 558.4.583. Kun, pp. 85–87. Ostrovsky, pp. 256–59. H. Barbusse, Stalin: A New World through One Man, p. 53. Stalin, Sochineniya, 13:122, Stalin to Ludwig. Voroshilov, Rasskazy o zhizni, 1:336. V. I. Lenin, Biograficheskaya khronika, 2:223.

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1. Ultra tense, like animals: RGASPI 337.1.44, description of anonymous delegate. Tskhakaya nursed: RGASPI 157.1.18. GF IML 8.2.1.12.176–83, Said Devdariani. Stanford, Paris Okhrana, box 195.16c, folder 1, on paying agent 1,500 roubles and Zhitomirsky, etc. Andrew Rothstein, Lenin in Britain, pp. 21–29. I. Muravyova and I. Sivolap-Kaftanova, Lenin in London, pp. 165–68. Ivan Maisky, Journey into the Past (henceforth Maisky), pp. 54, pp. 137–44. Volkogonov, Trotsky, p. 47. Williams, pp. 82–83. Service, Stalin, pp. 67 and 78–79. Service, Lenin, pp. 170 and 181–82. For Congress, Jews, Trotsky pretty but useless and numbers of delegates, see “On Notes of a Delegate”: Stalin, Works, 2:47–80. Sympathetic to Jews: Stalin, Works, 1:20. I. V. Stalin o Lenine, quoted in Smith, p. 188. Radzinsky, Stalin, pp. 54–55. Smith, pp. 183–84. Trotsky, My Life, pp. 88–91. Akopian, Shaumian, p. 44. Maxim Gorky, Days with Lenin (London, n.d.), pp. 5–7. Stalin and Churchill, 15–16 Aug. 1942: RGASPI 45.1.282. Gromyko, Memoirs, p. 31. W. J. Fishman, Streets of East End, pp. 76–114. Alan Palmer, The East End, p. 111. George Lansbury, My Life, p. 246. J. Carswell, The Exile: The Life of Ivy Litvinov, pp. 63–70. Medvedev, Let History Judge, p. 309.W.J. Fishman, East End Jewish Radicals, p. 264. See also: London Landmarks: A Guide with Maps and Places Where Marx, Engels and Lenin Lived and Worked. Piaty (Londonsky) syezd Protokoly, pp. 121, 241, 349, 350. Voroshilov, Rasskazy o zhizni, 1:336. Tskhakaya ill and Ivanovich signs loan agreement: Dubinsky-Mukhadze, “Mikhail G. Tskhakaya,” pp. 111–12. “Friend of Illich—Mikho,” Literaturnaya Gruzia, no. 1, 1965, pp. 15–20. Tower House: Observer, 24 Oct. 2004; Mussolini: Evening Standard, 14 Oct. 2004. Bacon: Daily Express, 5 Jan. 1950. Congress: Daily Mail, 10, 11, 13, 20, 21 May 1907; The Times, 13, 17 May 1907; Daily Mirror, 22 May 1907 and 10, 11, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 22 May 1907; Daily Express, 10 May 1907. Who is that, Stalin asked Shu-mian: Yves Delbars, The Real Stalin, pp. 53–55. I am especially grateful to Dr. John Callow, director and researcher of the Marx Memorial Library, London, who is the expert on this subject and gave me generous guidance as well as his own memories of the “Stalin in Wales/Liverpool” urban myths, heard at the Morning Star bazaar and Profile Books in Liverpool during the 1980s, respectively.

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2. Paris: GF IML 8.2.1.56, G. I. Chochia. For travel timing and dates: Ostrovsky, pp. 255–59.

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1. Tiflis expropriation: see the notes to the Prologue. GF IML 8.2.1.624.1–26, Bachua Kupriashvili. GF IML 8.2.1.50.239–55, Dzhavaira Khutulashvili. Chavchavadze killing: Ordzhonikidze; see V. M. Gurgenidze, quoted in Geifman, Thou Shalt Kill, pp. 92–96. Stolypin: Williams, p. 85. Service, Stalin, p. 69. Arsenidze, interviews nos. 1–3, 103–4, Nikolaevsky box 667, series 279, folder 4–5. Tsintsadze, pp. 40–49. Charkviani, “Memoirs.” Thirteen Hours Tiflis-Baku: Baedeker, p. 471. Krupskaya, pp. 40 and 151–52. Radzinsky, Alexander II, p. 227, on Bakunin. Capt. Zubov bribed: Ostrovsky, pp. 545–47. Fanny: Futrell, p. 60.

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