Matt Ridley

Nature Genetics 19: 19—24.

3. Casane, D., Boissinot, S., Chang, B. H. J., Shimmin, L. C. and Li, W. H.

(1997). Mutation pattern variation among regions of the primate genome.

Journal of Molecular Evolution 45: 216—26.

4. Doolittle, W. F. and Sapienza, C. (1980). Selfish genes, the phenotype paradigm and genome evolution. Nature 284: 601—3; Orgel, L. E. and Crick, F. H. C. (1980). Selfish DNA: the ultimate parasite. Nature 284: 604-7.

5. McClintock, B. (1951). Chromosome organisation and genie expression.

Cold Spring Harbor Symposia on Quantitative Biology 16: 13—47.

6. Yoder, J. A., Walsh, C. P. and Bestor, T. H. (1997). Cytosine methylation and the ecology of intragenomic parasites. Trends in Genetics 13: 335—40; Garrick, D., Fiering, S., Martin, D. I. K. and Whitelaw, E. (1998). Repeat-induced gene silencing in mammals. Nature Genetics 18: 56-9.

7. Jeffreys, A. J., Wilson, V. and Thein, S. L. (198 5). Hypervariable 'minisatellite' regions in human DNA. Nature 314: 67—73.

8. Reilly, P. R. and Page, D. C. (1998). We're off to see the genome. Nature Genetics 20: 15 — 17; New Scientist, 28 February 1998, p. 20.

9. See Daily Telegraph, 14 July 1998, and Sunday Times, 19 July 1998.

10. Ridley, M. (1993). The Red Queen: sex and the evolution of human nature.

Viking, London.

B I B L I O G R A P H Y A N D N O T E S 3 2 5

C H R O M O S O M E 9

Randy Nesse and George Williams's Evolution and healing (Weidenfeld and Nicolson, 1995) is the best introduction to Darwinian medicine and the interplay between genes and pathogens.

1. Crow, J. F. (1993). Felix Bernstein and the first human marker locus.

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2. Yamomoto, F., Clausen, H., White, T., Marken, S. and Hakomori, S.

(1990). Molecular genetic basis of the histo-blood group ABO system. Nature 345: 229-33.

3. Dean, A. M. (1998). The molecular anatomy of an ancient adaptive event.

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4. Gilbert, S. C, Plebanski, M., Gupta, S., Morris, J., Cox, M., Aidoo, M., Kwiatowski, D., Greenwood, B. M., Whittle, H. C. and Hill, A. V. S. (1998).

Association of malaria parasite population structure, HLA and immunological antagonism. Science 279: 1173-7; also A Hill, personal communication.

5. Pier, G. B. et al. (1998). Salmonella typhi uses CFTR to enter intestinal epithelial cells. Nature 393: 79—82.

6. Hill, A. V. S. (1996). Genetics of infectious disease resistance. Current Opinion in Genetics and Development 6: 348—53.

7. Ridley, M. (1997). Disease. Phoenix, London.

8. Cavalli-Sforza, L. L. and Cavalli-Sforza, F. (1995). The great human diasporas.

Addison Wesley, Reading, Massachusetts.

9. Wederkind, C. and Furi, S. (1997). Body odour preferences in men and women: do they aim for specific MHC combinations or simple hetero-geneity? Proceedings of the Royal Society of London, Series B 264: 1471-9.

10. Hamilton, W. D. (1990). Memes of Haldane and Jayakar in a theory of sex. Journal of Genetics 69: 17—32.

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The tricky subject of psychoneuroimmunology is explored by Paul Martin's The sickening mind (Harper Collins, 1997).

1. Martin, P. (1997)- The sickening mind: brain, behaviour, immunity and disease.

Harper Collins, London.

2. Becker, J. B., Breedlove, M. S. and Crews, D. (1992). Behavioral endocrinology.

MIT Press, Cambridge, Massachusetts.

3. Marmot, M. G., Davey Smith, G., Stansfield, S., Patel, C, North, F. and Head, J. (1991). Health inequalities among British civil servants: the Whitehall II study. Lancet 337: 1387—93.

4. Sapolsky, R. M. (1997). The trouble with testosterone and other essays on the