18 Rochon Ford (2014)
19 http://www.passblue.com/2017/07/05/females-exposed-to-nuclear-radiation-are-far-likelier-than-males-to-suffer-harm/
20 Phillips, Ann M. (2014), ‘Wonderings on Pollution and Women’s Health’, in Scott, Dayna Nadine (ed.), Our Chemical Selves: Gender, Toxics, and Environmental Health, Vancouver
21 Scott, Dayna Nadine and Lewis, Sarah (2014), ‘Sex and Gender in Canada’s Chemicals Management Plan’, in Scott, Dayna Nadine (ed.), Our Chemical Selves: Gender, Toxics, and Environmental Health, Vancouver
22 Rochon Ford (2014)
23 Scott and Lewis (2014)
24 Rochon Ford (2014)
25 Scott and Lewis (2014)
26 Ibid.
27 Rochon Ford (2014)
28 Scott and Lewis (2014)
29 ‘Breast Cancer and Occupation: The Need for Action: APHA Policy Statement Number 20146, Issued November 18, 2014’, NEW SOLUTIONS: A Journal of Environmental and Occupational Health Policy
30 Rochon Ford (2014)
31 Brophy et al. (2012)
32 ‘Breast Cancer and Occupation: The Need for Action: APHA Policy Statement Number 20146, Issued November 18, 2014’, NEW SOLUTIONS: A Journal of Environmental and Occupational Health Policy
33 https://www.theguardian.com/lifeandstyle/2015/may/05/osha-health-women-breast-cancer-chemicals-work-safety
34 https://www.theguardian.com/lifeandstyle/2015/apr/30/fda-cosmetics-health-nih-epa-environmental-working-group
35 Rochon Ford (2014); Brophy et al. (2012); Scott and Lewis (2014)
36 Scott and Lewis (2014)
37 Brophy et al. (2012)
38 Scott and Lewis (2014)
39 http://www.hazards.org/compensation/meantest.htm
40 ‘Designing Tools and Agricultural Equipment for Women’, poster produced by Aaron M. Yoder, Ann M. Adams and Elizabeth A. Brensinger, for 2014 Women in Agriculture Educators National Conference
41 http://nycosh.org/wp-content/uploads/2014/09/Women-in-Construction-final-11–8-13–2.pdf
42 Myles, Kimberly and Binseel, Mary S. (2007), ‘The Tactile Modality: A Review of Tactile Sensitivity and Human Tactile Interfaces’, Army Research Laboratory
43 http://www.afpc.af.mil/About/Air-Force-Demographics/
44 https://www.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/389575/20141218_WGCC_Findings_Paper_Final.pdf
45 https://www.theguardian.com/uk-news/2013/nov/24/female-raf-recruits-compensation-marching-injuries
46 Laperrière, Ève, Messing, Karen and Bourbonnais, Renée (2017), ‘Work activity in food service: The significance of customer relations, tipping practices and gender for preventing musculoskeletal disorders’, Applied Ergonomics, 58, 89–101
47 Friedl, Karl E. (2012), ‘Military Quantitative Physiology: Problems and Concepts in Military Operational Medicine’, Office of the Surgeon General, Department of the Army, United States of America; Knapik, Joseph and Reynolds, Katy (2012), ‘Load Carriage in Military Operations A Review of Historical, Physiological, Biomechanical, and Medical Aspects’, Walter Reed Army Medical Center, US Army Medical Department Center & School
48 https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/389575/20141218_WGCC_Findings_Paper_Final.pdf
49 Ibid.
50 ibid.
51 http://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/americas/dressed-to-kill-us-army-finally-designs-a-female-uniform-that-fits-2274446.html
52 https://www.washingtontimes.com/news/2015/may/14/military-pressed-to-design-line-of-women-friendly-/
53 https://www.tuc.org.uk/sites/default/files/PPEandwomenguidance.pdf
54 https://blogs.scientificamerican.com/voices/one-more-barrier-faced-by-women-in-science/
55 https://www.tuc.org.uk/sites/default/files/PPEandwomenguidance.pdf
56 https://www.wes.org.uk/sites/default/files/WES%20safety%20survey%20results%20March%202010.pdf
57 www.prospect.org.uk/news/id/2016/June/21/Women-workers-highlight-problems-with-ill-fitting-protective-equipment
58 https://www.tuc.org.uk/sites/default/files/2016–01299-Leaflet-booklet-Women%27s-PPE–One-Size-Does-Not-Fit-All-Version-26–09-2016%20%282%29.pdf
59 http://nycosh.org/wp-content/uploads/2014/09/Women-in-Construction-final-11–8-13–2.pdf
60 http:www.prospect.org.uk/news/id/2016/June/21/Women-workers-highlight-problems-with-ill-fitting-protective-equipment
61 https://www.tuc.org.uk/sites/default/files/PPEandwomenguidance.pdf
62 theguardian.com/world/2016/sep/25/spain-guardia-civil-sexism-women-bulletproof-jackets?client=safari
63 theguardian.com/world/2016/sep/25/spain-guardia-civil-sexism-women-bulletproof-jackets?client=safari
64 https://www.tuc.org.uk/sites/default/files/PPEandwomenguidance.pdf
Chapter 6
1 Vogel, Sarah A. (2009), The Politics of Plastics: The Making and Unmaking of Bisphenol A ‘Safety’, American Journal of Public Health. 99:3, 559–566
2 http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2008/04/15/AR2008041501753.html
3 Vogel, Sarah A. (2009)
4 Ibid.
5 Ibid.
6 https://www.nytimes.com/2015/05/11/nyregion/nail-salon-workers-innyc-face-hazardous-chemicals.html; ‘Breast Cancer and Occupation: The Need for Action: APHA Policy Statement Number 20146, Issued November 18, 2014’, NEW SOLUTIONS: A Journal of Environmental and Occupational Health Policy
7 Vogel, Sarah A. (2009)
8 https://www.nytimes.com/2015/05/10/nyregion/at-nail-salons-in-nycmanicurists-are-underpaid-and-unprotected.html
9 https://www.nytimes.com/2015/05/10/nyregion/at-nail-salons-in-nycmanicurists-are-underpaid-and-unprotected.html
10 https://www.theguardian.com/world/2017/sep/11/slavery-report-sounds-alarm-over-vietnamese-nail-bar-workers
11 https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2018/jan/05/nail-bars-modern-slavery-discount-salons-booming-exploitation
12 https://www.theguardian.com/world/2017/sep/11/slavery-report-sounds-alarm-over-vietnamese-nail-bar-workers
13 https://www.tuc.org.uk/sites/default/files/the-gig-is-up.pdf
14 https://www.tuc.org.uk/sites/default/files/Women_and_casualisation_0.pdf
15 https://www.ituc-csi.org/IMG/pdf/Women_8_march_EN.pdf
16 https://www.unison.org.uk/content/uploads/2014/06/On-line-Catalogue224222.pdf
17 https://www.unison.org.uk/content/uploads/2014/06/On-line-Catalogue224222.pdf
18 http://survation.com/women-on-low-paid-zero-hours-contracts-survationfor-fawcett-society/
19 https://www.tuc.org.uk/sites/default/files/the-gig-is-up.pdf
20 http://www.ucu.org.uk/media/6882/Zero-hours-contracts-a-UCU-briefing-Mar-14/pdf/ucu_zerohoursbriefing_mar14.pdf
21 https://www.hesa.ac.uk/files/pre-release/staff_1516_table_B.xlsx
22 Best, Kathinka, Sinell, Anna, Heidingsfelder, Marie Lena and Schraudner, Martina (2016), ‘The gender dimension in knowledge and technology transfer – the German case’, European Journal of Innovation Management, 19:1, 2–25
23 A. Hellum and H. Aasen (eds.) (2013), Women’s Human Rights: CEDAW in International, Regional and National Law (Studies on Human Rights Conventions) (Cambridge University Press, Cambridge)
24 https://www.oecd.org/japan/japan-improving-the-labour-market-outcomes-of-women.pdf
25 https://krueger.princeton.edu/sites/default/files/akrueger/files/katz_krueger_cws_-_march_29_20165.pdf
26 TUC (2017), ‘The gig is up’, https://www.tuc.org.uk/sites/default/files/thegig-is-up.pdf
27 Rubery, Jill, Grimshaw, Damian and Figueiredo, Hugo (2005), ‘How to close the gender pay gap in Europe: towards the gender mainstreaming of pay policy’, Industrial Relations Journal, 36:3, 184–213
28 https://www.tuc.org.uk/sites/default/files/Women_and_casualisation.pdf
29 Ibid.
30 Ibid.
31 Ibid.
32 https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2014/08/13/us/starbucks-workers-scheduling-hours.html
33 Ibid.
34 https://www.brookings.edu/wp-content/uploads/2017/10/es_121917_the51percent_ebook.pdf
35 https://www.ituc-csi.org/IMG/pdf/women.pdf; https://publications.parliament.uk/pa/cm201719/cmselect/cmwomeq/725/72504.htm
36 https://www.tuc.org.uk/sites/default/files/Women_and_casualisation.pdf
37 http://endviolence.un.org/pdf/pressmaterials/unite_the_situation_en.pdf
38 http://www.scmp.com/news/china/society/article/2054525/young-chinese-women-dare-say-no-workplace-sexual-harassment-says
39 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19862867
40 https://www.tuc.org.uk/sites/default/files/SexualHarassmentreport2016.pdf
41 https://www.elephantinthevalley.com/
42 Brophy, James T., Keith, Margaret M. and Hurley, Michael (2018), ‘Assaulted and Unheard: Violence Against Healthcare Staff’, NEW SOLUTIONS: A Journal of Environmental and Occupational Health Policy, 27:4, 581–606
43 Ibid.
44 https://www.tuc.org.uk/sites/default/files/SexualHarassmentreport2016.pdf; https://qz.com/931653/indias-long-history-with-sexual-harassment-at-work-places/; http://economictimes.indiatimes.com/magazines/panache/predators-atthe-workplace-india-inc-yet-to-commit-to-law-against-sexual-harassment/articleshow/57830600.cms; http://indianexpress.com/article/india/38-per-cent-women-say-they-faced-sexual-harassment-at-workplace-survey-4459402/; https://today.yougov.com/news/2017/04/25/nearly-third-women-have-been-sexually-harassed-work/; https://www.theguardian.com/money/2016/jul/22/sexual-harassment-at-work-roger-ailes-fox-news; https://www.elephantinthevalley.com/; https://interagencystandingcommittee.org/system/files/hwn_full_survey_results_may_2016.pdf
45 https://www.theguardian.com/money/2016/jul/22/sexual-harassment-at-work-roger-ailes-fox-news; https://www.elephantinthevalley.com/; https://interagencystandingcommittee.org/system/files/hwn_full_survey_results_may_2016.pdf;
46 https://www.tuc.org.uk/sites/default/files/SexualHarassmentreport2016.pdf
47 https://hbr.org/2014/10/hacking-techs-diversity-problem; https://hbr.org/2008/06/stopping-the-exodus-of-women-in-science
Chapter 7
1 https://blog.oup.com/2013/06/agriculture-gender-roles-norms-society/
2 Ibid.
3 Sağiroğlu, İsa, Kurt, Cem, Ömürlü, İmran Kurt and Çatikkaş, Fatih (2017), ‘Does Hand Grip Strength Change With Gender? The Traditional Method vs. the Allometric Normalisation Method’, European Journal of Physical Education and Sports Science, 2:6, 84–93
4 Leyk, D., Gorges, W., Ridder, D., Wunderlich, M., Ruther, T., Sievert, A. and Essfeld, D. (2007), ‘Hand-grip strength of young men, women and highly trained female athletes’, European Journal of Applied Physiology, 99, 415–21
5 Lewis, D. A., Kamon, E. and Hodgson, J. L. (1986), ‘Physiological Differences Between Genders Implications for Sports Conditioning’, Sports Medicine, 3, 357–69; Rice, Valerie J. B., Sharp, Marilyn A., Tharion, William J. and Williamson, Tania L. (1996), ‘The effects of gender, team size, and a shoulder harness on a stretcher-carry task and post-carry performance. Part II. A mass-casualty simulation’, International Journal of Industrial Ergonomics, 18, 41–9; Miller, A. E., MacDougall, J. D., Tarnopolsky, M. A. and Sale, D. G. (1993), ‘Gender differences in strength and muscle fiber characteristic’, European Journal of Applied Physiology, 66:3, 254–62
6 Lewis et al. (1986)
7 Zellers, Kerith K. and Hallbeck, M. Susan (1995), ‘The Effects of Gender, Wrist and Forearm Position on Maximum Isometric Power Grasp Force, Wrist Force, and their Interactions’, Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting, 39:10, 543–7; Bishu, Ram R., Bronkema, Lisa A, Garcia, Dishayne, Klute, Glenn and Rajulu, Sudhakar (1994), ‘Tactility as a function of Grasp force: effects of glove, orientation, pressure, load and handle’, NASA technical paper 3474 May 1994; Puh, Urška (2010), ‘Age-related and sex-related differences in hand and pinch grip strength in adults’, International Journal of Rehabilitation Research, 33:1
8 https://www.ft.com/content/1d73695a-266b-11e6-8b18-91555f2f4fde
9 Leyk et al. (2007)
10 Alesina, Alberto F., Giuliano, Paola and Nunn, Nathan (2011), ‘On the Origins of Gender Roles: Women and the Plough’, Working Paper 17098, National Bureau of Economic Research (May 2011)
11 Ibid.
12 Gella, A. A., Tadele, Getnet (2014), ‘Gender and farming in Ethiopia: an exploration of discourses and implications for policy and research’, FAC Working Paper, Future Agricultures, 84:15
13 http://www.fao.org/3/a-am309e.pdf; http://www.greenpeace.org/international/en/news/Blogs/makingwaves/international-womens-day-2017-change/blog/58902/; https://www.theguardian.com/global-development/2014/oct/16/world-food-day-10-myths-hunger; http://cmsdata.iucn.org/downloads/climate_change_gender.pdf
14 Doss, Cheryl (2011), ‘If women hold up half the sky, how much of the world’s food do they produce?’, ESA Working Paper No. 11, Agricultural Development Economics Division, FAO
15 World Bank (2014), ‘Levelling the Field: Improving Opportunities for Women Farmers in Africa’
16 https://openknowledge.worldbank.org/bitstream/handle/10986/15577/wps6436.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y
17 Ibid.
18 https://www.theguardian.com/global-development/2016/apr/07/leaving-women-girls-out-of-development-statistics-doesnt-add-up
19 Doss (2011)
20 Petrics, H. et al. (2015), ‘Enhancing the potential of family farming for poverty reduction and food security through gender-sensitive rural advisory services’, UN/FAO
21 Ibid.
22 Ibid.
23 Ibid.
24 https://www.gatesfoundation.org/What-We-Do/Global-Development/Agricultural-Development/Creating-Gender-Responsive-Agricultural-Development-Programs We receive some grant proposals that do not account for gender differences and do not consider how agricultural initiatives may benefit or hinder women or men.
25 http://data2x.org/wp-content/uploads/2014/08/What-Is-Wrong-with-Data-on-Women-and-Girls_November-2015_WEB_1.pdf
26 Petrics et
