The World Until Yesterday

Evans-Pritchard, E. E., 53, 95, 158, 301

Everett, Daniel, 176–77, 188, 194–95, 197, 198, 444 table, 479

executive control, multilingualism and, 388–89, 391

exogamy, 43, 76, 291

linguistic, 384, 385

Explorations into Highland New Guinea (Leahy), 58

Eyak language, 397, 408, plate 47

famines. See food scarcity

farming, 7, 10, 19, 303–6

See also food production

farming societies, 14, 15, 16, 348, 353

aggregation and dispersal cycles, 315–16

children in, 180, 194, 195, 198

elder authority, 229, 230

food sharing and storage, 301, 309 table, 311

infectious diseases, 295

language diversity, 379, 380–81

war in, 139, 156

See also specific groups

Faroese language, 401

fathers, 178, 186–87

Fayu people, 26 fig., 133, 279 table, 297–98, 480– 81

warfare, 132, 133, 134, 165

feasting, 137, 291, 303, plates 26, 27

feuds, 89, 95–96, 129–30, 131

fighting, 95, 138, 286, 289, 290

See also violence; warfare

Fiji, 151, 210

Finland, 162–63, 421, 427

First Contact (Connolly and Anderson), 57, 58

first contacts, 56–59, 263, 480–81, plate 29

with New Guineans, 2, 57–59, 119, plates 30, 31

fish, electricity-producing, 334–36

food

disputes over, 93

trade in, 68–69 table, 70, 71, 72

food acquisition, 10, 187, 203, 205, 218, 278, 282–84

See also hunting

food availability

burdensome elders and, 214, 217

fluctuations in, 299, 300–303, 307–8

gluttony and, 443–44, 444 table

language diversity and, 379

thrifty-gene hypothesis, 442–47

warfare and, 150–51, 160

weaning and, 180

See also food scarcity

food production

political organization and, 16, 19, 356

population size/density and, 10, 12, 13, 19

See also farming

food scarcity, 277, 298–316, 445

aggregation and dispersal and, 310, 315–16

diabetes and the thrifty-gene hypothesis, 442–49

diet broadening, 310, 313–15

field scattering and, 303–6

food sharing mechanisms, 300–303

infanticide and, 177

infectious diseases and, 292

malnourishment and starvation, 292, 298–300, 308

seasonal fluctuations, 307–8

storage and preservation methods, 300, 309 table, 310–13, 416

food taboos, 227–28

foraging. See food acquisition

Fore language, 7, 273, 274

Fore people, 16, 26 fig., 94–95, 271–72, 273–74, 300

France and the French, 140, 146–47, 156, 319

Breton language, 399, 465

Frazer, James, 327 table

French language, 381, 401

in Canada, 375, 403, 404, 409

Freud, Sigmund, 175

friendship, 49, 51–53

Frisian language, 404, 408–9

functional change, 334–36

of religion, 344–45, 367–68, 367 fig.

gambling, 350

Gammage, Bill, 58

Ganesan, A., 441

garden farmers, 14

See also Dani people; Machiguenga Indians; New Guinea and New Guinean peoples

Gardner, Robert, 120

Geertz, Clifford, 328 table

Geimer, Samantha, 110

genetic factors

diabetes, 431–32, 434, 436–37, 441–49

elder treatment, 212–13

in evolution, 333–34

hypertension, 421–22, 424–25

in warfare, 155–57

geographic knowledge, 29, 54–56, 75

geography

language diversity and, 376–82

See also environmental conditions

German language, 373, 375

Germany, 156

before World War II, 102, 130, 161, 165