The World Until Yesterday

geographic knowledge, 55, 56

health and life expectancies, 211, 245, 410–12

hunting, 282

language diversity, 3–4, 7, 28, 371–72, 374, 377, 378–79, 381–82

map, 26 fig.

marriage practices, 228–29

multilingualism, 369–70, 383–84

salt intake, 416, 419

talkativeness, 248, 273

traditional trade, 62, 66, plate 32

traditional warfare, 132, 133–34, 137, 148–49, 151, 157–58, 159

uncontacted peoples, 56–57

Westernization of, 2–6, 410–12

See also specific groups

New Zealand

Maori language in, 404, 409

Musket Wars, 150–51

See also Maori people

Nganasan people, 26 fig., 60, 156, 309 table

Ngarinyin people, 26 fig., 308

Nichols, Johanna, 381

Nigeria, 371

nomadism, 14, 15, 93, 180, 378

elders and, 214, 217

food scarcity and, 300, 310

infectious diseases and, 294–96

non-communicable diseases, 292–93, 411–14, 432–33, 449–50

See also diabetes; hypertension

Norenzayan, Ara, 8

Norse peoples, 215, 290, 308

North American Indians, 27 fig., 309 table

language loss, 397, 398, 399, 406, 409

warfare, 151, 158

See also specific groups

North Slope Inuit. See Alaska North Slope Inuit

northwest Alaska Inuit. See Inupiat; Yupik Inuit

Northwest Coast Indians, 15, 27 fig., 146, 315

traditional food storage, 309 table, 310, 311

Nuer people, 44, 53, 165, 203, plate 7

Dinka raids, 44, 137, 139, 146, 158, 165

dispute resolution, 95–96, 103

food scarcity and storage, 301, 308, 309 table

map, 26 fig.

Oakley, Wilfrid, 429

obesity, 4, 417, 428, plate 27

diabetes and, 430, 432, 433, 434

Nauru Islanders, 436

Pima Indians, 435

thrifty-gene hypothesis, 442–47

Okavango Delta, 188, 199

Okinawan languages, 399

old age, 30, 211

See also elders

Omaha Indians, 215, 228

oral histories and reconstruction, 478–80

O’Reilly, Patty, 113

origin myths, 323–24, 345, 346

ostracism, 93–94

Owens Valley Shoshone Indians, 42, 44

Pacific Islanders, 309 table, 311, 313, 446

See also specific islands and peoples

Pacific Northwest Indians. See Northwest Coast Indians

Paleolithic art, 340, plate 25

Paleolithic diet, 414, 433

Papua New Guinea, 2, 5

accidental death story, 79–86, 89

diabetes rates, 411, 439 table

state justice, 79–80, 98

violence, 289

See also New Guinea

Paraguay, 290, 398

parasitic diseases, 292, 293, 412

Parson, Talcott, 328 table

patriarchal families, 222, 229

patrilocal households, 166–67, 222–23, 291

peace, 147–49, 155–56, 403–4

See also warfare

peaceful dispute resolution. See state justice systems; traditional dispute resolution

personal relationships. See social bonds

Peru, field scattering in, 304–6, 338–39

Philippines

language loss in, 396

See also Agta people

Piaget, Jean, 174–75

pigs, disputes over, 157, 158

Pima Indians, 434–35, 439 table, 445–46

Pinker, Steven, 139

Piraha Indians, 27 fig., 202, 297, 479, plate 11

children, 176–77, 181, 188, 194–95, 197, 198

dispute resolution, 93–94

gluttony, 444 table

plants and plant foods, 19, 297, 313–14, 315, 415

See also farming; food entries

Plato, 352

play, 91, 202–6, 208, plates 19, 20

child autonomy and, 198–200

dangerous play, 173–74, 198

multi-age groups, 200–202