RGALI, f. 1814, op. 9, d. 1812, ll. 1–2.
39. RGALI, f. 1814, op. 10, d. 339, l. 20; K. Simonov, Segodnia i davno (Moscow, 1978), p. 321; E. Dolmatovskii, Bylo: zapiski poeta (Moscow, 1982), p. 58 (also RGALI, f. 1814, op. 6, d. 170, l. 2).
40. Krasnaia zvezda, 28 August 1941, p. 1; 7 November 1941, p. 4; RGALI, f. 1814, op. 1, d. 993, l. 37; K. Simonov, Glazami cheloveka moego pokoleniia (Moscow, 1990), p. 87.
41. Simonov, 100 sutok voiny, pp. 550–51.
42. Ibid., pp. 17–21.
43. Merridale, Ivan’s War, pp. 134–8.
44. R. McNeal, Stalin: Man and Ruler (London, 1988), p. 241; R. Parker, Moscow Correspondent (London, 1949), pp. 21–2.
45. Pushkarev, Po dorogam voiny, p. 60; E. Seniavskaia, Chelovek na voine. Istorikopsikhologicheskie ocherki (Moscow, 1997), pp. 47–8; Lazarev, Konstantin Simonov, p. 68; Karaganov, Konstantin Simonov, p. 68; Simonov, Sobranie sochinenii, vol. 1, pp. 105–7; A. Werth, Russia at War 1941–1945 (London, 1964), p. 412. Werth is mistaken about the play’s final words. The phrase he quotes appears earlier in the play.
46. K. Simonov, Pis’ma o voine, 1943–1979 (Moscow, 1990), p. 110.
47. D. Samoilov, Podennye zapisi, 2 vols. (Moscow, 2002), vol. 1, p. 140; ‘Zaveshchanie zhivym (pis’ma s fronta)’, Sovetskaia Rossiia, 9 May 1991.
48. Seniavskaia, ‘Dukhovnyi oblik’, p. 49; V. Kondrat’ev, ‘Ne tol’ko o svoem pokolenii. Zametki pisatelia’, Kommunist, 1997, no. 7, p. 122.
49. S. Conze and B. Fieseler, ‘Soviet Women as Comrades-in-Arms: A Blind Spot in Soviet History’, in The People’s War, p. 212.
50. Interviews with Rebekka (Rita) Kogan, St Petersburg, June, November 2003.
51. A. Chuyanov, Stalingradskii dnevnik, 1941–1943 (Volgograd, 1968), p. 209; Konstantin Simonov rasskazyvaet (Moscow, 1981), p. 106.
52. RGASPI, f. 17, op. 125, d. 190, l. 16.
53. D. Glantz, The Siege of Leningrad, 1941–1944: 900 Days of Terror (London, 2001), pp. 75– 6.
54. The classic statement of this influential theory is E. Shils and M. Janowitz, ‘Cohesion and Disintegration in the Wehrmacht in World War II’, Public Opinion Quarterly, 1948, no. 12, pp. 280–315.
55. E. Seniavskaia, Frontovoe pokolenie 1941–1945: istoriko-psikhologicheskoe issledovanie (Moscow, 1995), p. 86; same author, ‘Dukhovnyi oblik’, pp. 46–7; C. Merridale, Night of Stone: Death and Memory in Russia (London, 2000), p. 279.
56. R. Overy, Russia’s War (London, 1998), p. 197.
57. J. Erickson, The Road to Berlin (London, 1983), p. 40.
58. V. Zemskov, ‘Ukaz ot 26 Iunia 1940 g. (Eshche odna kruglaia data)’, Raduga, 1990, no. 6, p. 47.
59. MP, f. 4, op. 15, d. 2, ll. 7–9; d. 3, l. 2.
60. MP, f. 4, op. 11, d. 2, ll. 26– 8.
61. E. Bacon, The Gulag at War: Stalin’s Forced Labour System in the Light of the Archives (London, 1994), p. 144; L. Borodkin and S. Ertz, ‘Coercion versus Motivation: Forced Labor in Norilsk’, in Paul Gregory and Valery Lazarev (eds.), The Economics of Forced Labor: The Soviet Gulag (Stanford, 2003), p. 78.
62. S. Ertz, ‘Building Norilsk’, in The Economics of Forced Labor, pp. 127–50; O vremeni, o Noril’ske, o sebe… Vospominaniia, 5 vols. (Moscow, 2001–6), vol. 3, p. 12; Borodkin and Ertz, ‘Coercion versus Motivation’, pp. 77, 86–8.
63. MM, f. 12, op. 18, d. 2, l. 27.
64. Interviews with Vasilina Dmitruk, Vera Pristupa, Maria Treimanis (nee Fishchuk), Norilsk, July 2004.
65. Interview with Anna Darvina, Norilsk, July 2004.
66. Interview with Semyon Golovko, Norilsk, July 2004.
67. MM, f. 2, op. 5 (‘Khranit’ vechno!’, ms.).
68. RGALI, f. 3084, op. 1, d. 1390, ll. 1, 13; MSP, f. 3, op. 22, d. 2, ll. 19–21, 36–7; d. 4, ll. 15–16; interviews with Natalia Babailova, Severodvinsk, March and November 2005; interview with Nina Sazhnova, Saratov, November 2004; interview with Nina Levina, Krasnoiarsk, August 2005.
69. N. Mandelstam, Hope Abandoned (London, 1989), p. 252; B. Pasternak, Doctor Zhivago (London, 1958), p. 453; O. Ivinskaia, V plenu vremeni: gody c B. Pasternakom (Moscow, 1972), p. 96.
70. Kondrat’ev, ‘Ne tol’ko o svoem pokolenii’, p. 224.
71. M. Gefter, ‘Stalin umer vchera…’, in Inogo ne dano (Moscow, 1988), p. 305; VFA, A. Levidova, ‘Vospominaniia’, ms., p. 118.
72. H. Smith, The Russians (London, 1976), p. 369; V. Kondrat’ev, ‘Paradoks frontovoi nostal’gii’, Literaturnaia gazeta, 9 May 1990, p. 9.
73. Interview with Lazar Lazarev, Moscow, November 2003.
74. P. Blake and M. Hayward (eds.), Dissonant Voices in Soviet Literature (New York, 1962), pp. 164–7 (translated by Walter
