Mandelstam, Hope Abandoned (London, 1989), p. 375.
49. G. Carleton, The Politics of Reception: Critical Constructions of Mikhail Zoshchenko (Evanston, 1998), pp. 231– 2.
50. ‘Doklad t. Zhdanova o zhurnalakh Zvezda i Leningrad’, Novyi mir, 1946, no. 9, pp. iv–xix.
51. Simonov, Glazami cheloveka moego pokoleniia, pp. 104–7; RGASPI, f. 17, op. 132, d. 229, l. 21.
52. Simonov, Segodnia i davno, pp. 337–8; A. Borshchagovskii, Zapiski balovnia sud’by (Moscow, 1991), p. 235.
53. RGALI, f. 1814, op. 9, d. 331, ll. 1–2; Simonov, Glazami cheloveka moego pokoleniia, pp. 118–20, 137, 141; interview with Lazar Lazarev, Moscow, November 2003.
54. SLFA, ‘K.M.’, two-part film on DVD, comments by Benedikt Sarnov in Part 1, at twenty-six minutes; interview with Lazar Lazarev, Moscow, November 2003.
55. B. Schwarz, Music and Musical Life in Soviet Russia, 1917–1970 (London, 1972), pp. 208, 218; Gorlizki and Khlevniuk, Cold Peace, pp. 35–8; Zubkova, Russia After the War, pp. 119–23.
56. H. Salisbury, American in Russia (New York, 1955), pp. 16–20, 38; G. Ivanova, ‘Poslevoennye repressii i Gulag’, in Stalin i kholodnaia voina (Moscow, 1998), p. 255.
57. J. Brent and V. Naukov, Stalin’s Last Crime: The Doctors’ Plot (London, 2003), p. 96.
58. ‘Evreiskii antifashistskii komitet’, Izvestiia TsK KPSS, 1989, no. 12, p. 40; Reabilitatsiia: politicheskie protsessy 30–50-kh godov (Moscow, 1991), p. 326.
59. Cited in A. Weiner, Making Sense of War: The Second World War and the Fate of the Bolshevik Revolution (Princeton, 2001), p. 195.
60. RGALI, f. 1814, op. 9, d. 2645, ll. 3–4, 9, 18; Borshchagovskii, Zapiski balovnia sud’by, pp. 3, 77, 94; G. Kostyrchenko, Tainaia politika Stalina. Vlast’ i antisemitizm (Moscow, 2001), pp. 319 ff.
61. A. Gerasimov, ‘Za sovetskii patriotism v iskusstve’, Pravda, 10 February 1949; N. Gribachev, ‘Protiv kosmopolitizma i formalizma v poezii’, Pravda, 16 February 1949; T. Khrennikov, ‘Burzhuaznye kosmopolity v muzykal’noi kritike’, Kul’tura i zhizn’, 20 February 1949; ‘Do kontsa razoblachit’ kosmopolitov-antipatriotov’, Pravda, 26–27 February 1949; L.Bol’shakov, ‘Razgromit’ burzhuaznyi kosmopolitizm v kinoiskusstve’, Pravda, 3 March 1949; etc.
62. Kostyrchenko, Tainaia politika Stalina, pp. 334–5; Borshchagovskii, Zapiski balovnia sud’by, pp. 185, 188–91; RGASPI, f. 83, op. 1, d. 5, ll. 92–5.
63. RGASPI, f. 17, op. 132, d. 237, ll. 13–15. See also RGASPI, f. 77, op. 4, d. 73, ll. 7–11; Bianki, K. Simonov i A. Tvardovskii v ‘Novom Mire’, p. 19.
64. RGASPI, f. 17, op. 118, d. 229, l. 17.
65. N. Tipot (Sokolova), ‘Dnevnik’, private archive. On Sofronov and Simonov as rivals to succeed Fadeyev see the thoughts of Borshchagovsky in A. Borshchagovskii, Pustotelyi monolit (Moscow, 2002), pp. 133–4.
66. RGALI, f. 1814, op. 9, d. 19 (‘Vospominaniia o kampanii po bor’be s kosmopolitizmom’, ts., 1976); Borshchagovskii, Zapiski balovnia sud’by, p. 214.
67. See e.g. K. Simonov, ‘Zadachi sovetskoi dramaturgii i teatral’naia kritika’, Pravda, 27–8 February 1949 (where the Sartre and Miller quotation comes from); same author, ‘Zadachi sovetskoi dramaturgii i teatral’naia kritika’, Literaturnaia gazeta, 5 March 1949.
68. RGASPI, f. 17, op. 132, d. 226, ll. 1–6; d. 229, l. 30; Kostyrchenko, Tainaia politika Stalina, pp. 339–40.
69. Borshchagovskii, Zapiski balovnia sud’by, pp. 19, 35–6, 49, 187, 200, 204, 215, 223, 272, 278–9; interview with Aleksandr Borshchagovsky, Moscow, November 2003.
70. Borschagovskii, Zapiski balovnia sud’by, pp. 266, 279; interview with Aleksandr Borshchagovsky, Moscow, November 2003; RGALI, f. 1814, op. 9, d. 4, l. 4.
71. Interview with Aleksandr Borshchagovsky, Moscow, November 2003; Borshchagovskii, Zapiski balovnia sud’by, pp. 4, 240.
72. Ibid., pp. 261–2.
73. See A. Kozhevnikov, ‘President of Stalin’s Academy: The Mask and Responsibility of Sergei Vavilov’, Isis, vol. 87, no. 1 (March 1996), pp. 18–50; N. Tolstoi (ed.), Brat’ia Nikolai i Sergei Vavilovy (Moscow, 1991); M. Popovsky, The Vavilov Affair (Hamden, 1984); S. Ivanovich Vavilov: ocherki i vospominaniia (Moscow, 1991). Vavilov acted surreptitiously against official decisions and his opposition went unnoticed for many years –perhaps one reason why he was maligned as a ‘lackey president of the Academy of Sciences’ by Solzhenitsyn: A. Solzhenitsyn, The Gulag Archipelago 1918–1956: An Experiment in Literary Investigation, 3 vols. (London, 1974–8), vol. 2, p. 638.
74. RGASPI, f. 17, op. 132, d. 237, ll. 14–15; RGALI, f. 1814, op. 9, d. 1365, l. 1; f. 2203, op. 1, d. 333, l. 1; f. 631, op. 16, d. 90; f. 2203, op. 1, d. 333, l. 5; d. 336, l. 11; interview with Nina Arkhipova, Moscow, November 2003; Borshchagovskii, Zapiski balovnia sud’by, p. 321.
75. RGALI, f. 1814, op. 6, dd. 70, 173; d. 170, l. 17; interview with Lazar Lazarev, Moscow, November 2003; interview with Aleksei Simonov, Moscow, July 2004.
76. RGALI, f. 1814, op. 1, d. 500.
77. Simonov, Glazami cheloveka moego pokoleniia, pp. 126–8; Fink, Konstantin Simonov, p. 229.
78. RGALI, f. 1814, op. 1, d. 563; op. 4, d. 10; op. 9, d. 5, ll. 69–70; RGASPI, f. 82, op. 2, d. 1458, l. 49; f. 558, op. 11, d. 806, l. 164; Simonov, Glazami cheloveka moego pokoleniia, pp. 128–31.
79. Ibid., pp. 135–7.
80. RGALI, f. 1814, op. 9, d. 809, ll. 1–6; Karaganov, Konstantin Simonov, pp. 88–9; Simonov, Segodnia i davno, pp. 609–10.
