Zahn-Waxler et al., Altruism and aggression.
21.Staub, E. (1975). To rear a prosocial child: Reasoning, learning by doing, and learning by teaching others. In D. DePalma & J. Folley (Eds.), Moral development: Current theory and research. Hillsdale, N. J.: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
Staub, Positive social behavior, vol. 2.
22.Adorno, T. W., Frenkel-Brunswik, E., Levinson, D. J., & Sanford, R. N. (1950). The authoritarian personality. New York: Norton & Co.
Cherry, F., & Byrne, D. (1977). Authoritarianism. In T. Blass (Ed.), Personality variables in social behavior. Hillsdale, N. J.: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
Sanford, N. (1973). Authoritarian personality in contemporary perspective. In J. N. Knutson (Ed.), Handbook of political psychology. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.
For a review of measurement problems as well as later research see:
Cherry and Byrne, Authoritarianism.
For a discussion of issues related to the authoritarian personality, see also:
Samuelson, R. (1986). Authoritarianism from Berlin to Berkeley: On social psychology and history. Journal of Social Issues, 42, 191-208:
Ray, J. J. (1988). Why the F scale predicts racism: A critical review. Political Psychology, 9, no. 4, 671-80.
Eckhardt, W. (1988). Comment on Ray’s “Why the F scale predicts racism: A critical review.” Political Psychology, 9, no. 4, 681-91.
23.Elms, A. C, & Milgram, S. (1966). Personality characteristics associated with obedience and defiance toward authoritative command. Journal of Experimental Research in Personality, 2, 282-9.
24.Miller, A. (1983). For your own good: Hidden cruelty in child-rearing and the roots of violence. New York: Farrar, Straus, Giroux, p. 70.
25.DeMause, L. (Ed.). (1974). History of childhood. New York: Psychohistory Press.
Stone, L. (1977). The family, sex and marriage in England, 1500-1800. New York: Harper & Row.
26.Devereux, E. D. (1972). Authority and moral development among German and American children: A cross-national pilot experiment. Journal of Comparative Family Studies, 3, 99-124.
Miller, For your own good.
27.Hoffman, Conscience, personality, and socialization.
28.von Maltitz, H. (1973). The evolution of Hitler’s Germany: The ideology, the personality, the moment. New York: McGraw-Hill.
29.Lewis, B. (1985). The Shiites. New York Review of Books, 32, no. 13, pp. 7-10.
30.Sargant, W. (1957). Battle for the mind: A physiology of conversion and brain-washing. London: Pan Books.
31.Zimbardo, P. G. (1969). The human choice: Individuation, reason, and order versus deindividuation, impulse, and chaos. In Nebraska symposium on motivation. Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press.
32.Kren, G. M., & Rappoport, L. (1980). The Holocaust and the crisis of human behavior. New Haven: Yale University Press.
Gibson and Haritos-Fatouros, The education of a torturer.
Dyer, G. (1985). War. New York: Crown Publishers.
Chapter 6
1.Lerner, M. J., & Simmons, C. H. (1966). Observer’s reaction to the “innocent victim": Compassion or rejection? Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 4, 203-10.
Lerner, M. (1980). The belief in a just world: A fundamental delusion. New York: Plenum Press.
Smith, R. E., Keating, J. P., Hester, R. K., & Mitchell, H. E. (1976). Role and justice considerations in the attribution of responsibility to a rape victim. Journal of Research in Personality, 10, 346-57.
2.Lerner and Simmons, Observer’s reaction.
3.Rubin, Z., & Peplau, L. A. (1973). Belief in a just world and reactions to another’s lot: A study of participants in the national draft lottery. Journal of Social Issues, 29, 73-93.
Idem. (1975). Who believes in a just world? Journal of Social Issues, 31, 65-89.
4.Staub, E. (1978). Positive social behavior and morality. Vol. 1, Social and personal influences. New York: Academic Press.
5.Ibid.
6.Lerner and Simmons, Observer’s reaction.
Lerner, Belief in a just world.
7.Staub, E. (1975). To rear a prosocial child: Reasoning, learning by doing, and learning by teaching others. In D. DePalma & J. Folley (Eds.), Moral development: Current theory and research. Hillsdale, N. J.: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
Idem. (1979). Positive social behavior and morality. Vol. 2, Socialization and development. New York: Academic Press, Chap. 6.
8.Staub, To rear a prosocial child.
Idem. Positive social behavior, vol. 2, Chap. 6.
9.DeJong, W. (1979). An examination of self-perception mediation of the foot-in-the-door effect. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 34, 578-82.
Freedman, J. L., & Fraser, S. C. (1966). Compliance without pressure: The foot-in-the-door technique. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 4, 195-202.
Harris, M. B. (1972). The effects of performing one altruistic act on the likelihood of performing another. Journal of Social Psychology, 88, 65-73.
Staub, Positive social behavior, vol. 2, Chaps. 5 and 6.
10.Bern, D. J. (1972). Self-perception theory. In L. Berkowitz (Ed.), Advances in experimental social psychology, vol. 6. New York: Academic Press.
11.Freedman and Fraser, Compliance without pressure.
DeJong, Examination of self-perception mediation.
12.Keneally, T. (1983). Schindler’s List. New York: Penguin Books.
13.As an example of this finding see: Buss, A. H. (1966). The effect of harm on subsequent aggression. Journal of Experimental Research in Personality, 1, 349-55.
For a list of relevant references see:
Goldstein, J. H., Davis, R. W., & Herman, D. (1975). Escalation of aggression: Experimental studies. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 31, 162-70.
14.Goldstein et al., Escalation.
15.Bern, Self-perception theory.
Eisenberg, N., & Cialdini, R. B. (1984). The role of consistency pressures in behavior: A developmental perspective. Academic Psychology Journal, 6, 115-26.
Staub, Positive social behavior, vol. 2.
16.Arendt, H. (1963). Eichmann in Jerusalem: A report on the banality of evil. New York: Viking Press.
17.Bettelheim, B. (1979). Remarks on the psychological appeal of totalitarianism. In Surviving and other essays. New York: Vintage Books.
18.Haritos-Fatouros, M. (1979). The official torturer: Learning mechanisms involved in the process. Relevance to democratic and totalitarian regimes today. Unpublished manuscript, University of Thessaloniki, Greece.
Gibson, J. T., & Haritos-Fatouros, M. (1986). The education of a torturer. Psychology Today, 20, 50-58.
19.For a review see:
Fishbein, M., & Ajzen, I. (1975). Belief, attitude, intention and behavior. Reading, Mass.: Addison-Wesley.
20.Orwell, G. (1949). 1984. New York: Harcourt & Brace, p. 151.
21.Lifton, R. J. (1986). The Nazi doctors: Medical killing and the psychology of genocide. New York: Basic Books.
22.Latane, B., & Darley, J. (1970). The unresponsive bystander: Why doesn’t he help! New York: Appleton-Crofts.
Staub, Positive social behavior, vol. 1.
Tilker, H. A. (1970). Socially responsive behavior as a function of observer responsibility and victim feedback. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 4, 95-100.
23.Poliakov, L. (1954). Harvest of hate: The Nazi program for the destruction of the Jews in Europe. Syracuse, N. Y.: Syracuse University Press, pp. 12-13.
24.Hilberg, R. (1961). The destruction of the European Jews. Chicago: Quadrangle
