Proctor, R. (1988). Racial hygiene: Medicine under the Nazis. Cambridge: Harvard University Press.
19.Lifton, Nazi doctors, p. 46.
20.Proctor, Racial hygiene.
21.Binding, L., & Hoche, A. (1920). Die Freigabe der Vernichtung lebensunwerten Lebens: Ihr Mass und ihre Form. Leipzig: F. Meiner.
quoted in Lifton, Nazi doctors, p. 47.
22.Friedrich, From psychoanalysis to the “great treatment.”
23.Lorenz, K. (1940). Durch Domestikation verursachte Störungen arteigenen Verhaltens, Zeitschrift fur angewandte Psychologie und Charakterkunde (Journal of Applied Psychology and the Science of Character), 59, 66, 71.
See also Craig, The Germans, for an account of the enthusiastic production of ideas supporting National Socialism by German academics.
24.Sargent, S. (1957). Battle for the mind: A physiology of conversion and brain washing. London: Pan Books.
25.Latane, B., & Darley, J. (1970). The unresponsive bystander: Why doesn’t he help! New York: Appleton-Crofts.
Piliavin, J. A., Dividio, J. F., Goertner, S. L., & Clark, R. D. (1981). Emergency intervention. New York: Academic Press.
Staub, E. (1974). Helping a distressed person: Social, personality and stimulus determinants. In L. Berkowitz (Ed.), Advances in experimental social psychology, vol. 7. New York: Academic Press.
Staub, E. (1978). Positive social behavior and morality, vol. 1, Social and personal influences. New York: Academic Press.
26.Staub, Helping a distressed person.
27.Davidowicz, War against the Jews. Lifton, Nazi doctors.
28.Bettelheim, B. (1979). Surviving and other essays. New York: Vintage Books, pp. 260, 265.
Chapter 10
1.Kren, G. M., & Rappoport, L. (1980). The Holocaust and the crisis of human behavior. New York: Holmes & Meier Publishers, p. 69.
2.Davidowicz, L. S. (1975). The war against the Jews: 1933-1945. New York: Holt, Rinehart & Winston.
Lifton, R. J. (1986). The Nazi doctors: Medical killing and the psychology of genocide. New York: Basic Books.
3.Kren and Rappoport, Holocaust.
4.Ibid., p. 51.
5.Segev, T. (1977). The commanders of the Nazi concentration camps. Ph.D. diss., Boston University (University Microfilms, Ann Arbor, Mich., 77-21, 618).
6.Kren and Rappoport, Holocaust, p. 43.
7.Hilberg, R. (1980). The nature of the process. In J. Dimsdale (Ed.), Survivors, victims, and perpetrators: Essays on the Nazi Holocaust. New York: Hemisphere Publishing Co.
8.Merkl, P. H. (1980). The making of a stormstrooper. Princeton: Princeton University Press, pp. 218-22.
9.Segev, The commanders.
10.Hoess, R. (1959). Commandant of Auschwitz. New York: World.
11.Sereny, G. (1974). Into the darkness: From mercy killing to mass murder. New York: McGraw-Hill.
12.Dicks, H. V. (1972). Licensed mass murder: A sociopsychological study of some SS killers. New York: Basic Books.
13.Steiner, J. M. (1980). The SS yesterday and today: A sociopathological view. In J. Dimsdale (Ed.), Survivors, victims, and perpetrators: Essays on the Nazi Holocaust. New York: Hemisphere Publishing Co.
14.Ibid.
15.Ibid., pp. 431-2.
16.Kren and Rappoport, Holocaust, p. 58.
17.Kren and Rappoport, Holocaust.
Davidowicz, The war against the Jews.
Hilberg, R. (1961). The destruction of the European Jews. Chicago: Quadrangle Books.
18.Sereny, Into the darkness.
19.Kren and Rappoport, Holocaust, p. 61.
20.Perry, D. G., & Perry, L. C. (1974). Denial of suffering in the victim as a stimulus to violence in aggressive boys. Child Development, 45, 55-62.
Staub, E. (Forthcoming). Social behavior and moral conduct: A personal goal theory account of altruism and aggression. Century Series. Englewood Cliffs, N. J.: Prentice-Hall.
21.Keneally, T. (1983). Schindler’s list. New York: Penguin Books.
22.Gelinas, D. J. (1985). Unexpected resources in treating incest families. In M. A. Karpel (Ed.), Family resources: The hidden partner in family therapy. New York: Guilford Press.
23.Karski, J. (1944). Story of a secret state. Boston: Houghton Mifflin, p. 330.
24.Ibid., pp. 331-2.
25.Keneally, Schindler’s list, p. 292.
26.Marton, K. (1982). Wallenberg. New York: Ballantine Books.
27.Kren and Rappoport, Holocaust.
28.Keneally, Schindler’s list.
29.Lifton, Nazi doctors.
30.Ibid.
31.Lifton, R. J. (1986, November). Personal communication.
32.Lifton, Nazi doctors, p. 425.
33.Ibid., p. 175, from interview with the SS Doctor B.
34.Ibid., p. 176, from interview with SS Doctor B.
35.Ibid., p. 425.
36.Durkheim, E. (1961). Moral education. New York: Free Press.
Gilligan, C. (1982). In a different voice: Psychological theory and women’s development. Cambridge: Harvard University Press.
Staub, E. (1978). Positive social behavior and morality. Vol. 1, Social and personal influences. New York: Academic Press.
Idem. (1980). Social and prosocial behavior: Personal and situational influences and their interactions. In E. Staub (Ed.), Personality: Basic aspects and current research. Englewood Cliffs, N. J.: Prentice-Hall.
37.Lifton, Nazi doctors.
Hilberg, Nature of the process.
Steiner, The SS yesterday and today.
38.Eliach, Y. (Ed.). (1982). Hassidic tales of the Holocaust. New York: Oxford University Press.
39.Becker, E. (1975). Escape from evil. New York: Free Press.
40.Lewin, R. (1938). The conceptual representation and measurement of psychological forces. Durham, N. C: Duke University Press.
Chapter 11
1.Heider, F. (1958). The psychology of interpersonal relations. New York: Wiley.
Festinger, L. A. (1957). A theory of cognitive dissonance. Evanston, 111.: Row-Peterson.
2.Hilberg, R. (1980). The nature of the process. In J. Dimsdale (Ed.), Survivors, victims, and perpetrators: Essays on the Nazi Holocaust. New York: Hemisphere Publishing Co.
Davidowicz, L. S. (1976). The war against the Jews: 1933-1945. New York: Holt, Rinehart & Winston.
Lifton, R. J. (1986). The Nazi doctors: Medical killing and the psychology of genocide. New York: Basic Books.
3.Kren, G. M., & Rappoport, L. (1980). The Holocaust and the crisis of human behavior. New York: Holmes & Meier.
4.Hilberg, R. (1961). The destruction of the European Jews. Chicago: Quadrangle Books.
5.Fein, H. (1979). Accounting for genocide: National responses and Jewish victimization during the Holocaust. New York: Free Press.
6.Kren and Rappoport, Holocaust.
7.Fein, Accounting for genocide.
8.Lukas, R. (1986). The forgotten Holocaust: The Poles under German occupation, 1939-1944. Lexington: University Press of Kentucky.
Gross, J. T. (1979). Polish society under German occupation: The Generalgouvernment, 1939-1944. Princeton: Princeton University Press.
9.F ein, Accounting for genocide.
10.Hilberg, Destruction, pp. 386-7.
11.Fein, Accounting for genocide.
12.Arendt, H. (1951). The origins of totalitarianism. New York: Harcourt Brace Jovanovich, p. 269.
See:
U. S. Government. (1946). Nazi conspiracy and aggression. Washington, D. C: U.S. Government Printing Office, vol. 6, pp. 87ff.
13.Wyman, D. S. (1984). The abandonment of the Jews: America and the Holocaust, 1941-1945. New York: Pantheon Books.
14.Hilberg, Nature of the process.
15.Wyman, Abandonment.
16.Moscovici, S. (1973). Social influence and social change. London: Academic Press.
Moscovici, S. (1980). Toward a theory of conversion behavior. In L. Berkowitz (Ed.), Current issues in social psychology. New York: Academic Press.
17.Wyman, Abandonment.
18.A report by D. Yankelovich on polls taken at the time, described in Bernstein, R. (May 22, 1988). U.S. articles on prewar Jews of Germany found wanting, New York Times, p. 24.
19.Wyman, D. S. (1968). Paper walls: America and the refugee crisis, 1938-1941. Amherst:
