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Index
Abel, Theodore, on anti-Semitism, 104, 114, 131-2n
abolition of slavery, group action in, 261
Ache Indians (Paraguay), killing of, 85
Adana, Turkey, killings in, 177
adaptability of society to change, 14-15
Adorno, Theodor, on authoritarian personality, 73n
agentic mode, authoritarian influences on, 43
aggression (see also violence): anonymity and, 50, 77; as cultural ideal, 54; displacement of, 63-4; economic conditions and, 44; frustration-aggression hypothesis and, 38-9; genetic predisposition for, 24, 35, 52-3; in headhunter tribes, 52; historical availability of, 54; instrumental, 43; moral orientation and, 56-7; motivations for, 38-44, 63-4; and nonaggression, 274-83; origin/instigation of, 35-6, 75-6; in perpetrators, 71; persistent, 52-4; personality characteristics in, 75-6; power desires and, 40-1; situational factors in, 75-6; societal potential for, 20; sociobiology and, 52-3; in United States, 242
agriculture in Cambodia, 199
Alfonsin, President, 227n
Alianza Anticommunista Argentina, 218
Allport, Gordon, on creation of common enemy, 95
altruism (see also continuum of benevolence; helpfulness; heroic bystanders): genetic predisposition for, 24, 53; and the “good fanatic,” 77, 169, 229; in group, 28; group subversion of, 263; societal institutions promoting, 66; of Wallenberg, 168-9
American Jewish organizations in the Holocaust, 156
Amherst, Massachusetts, playground group work at, 275
Amnesty International: on Argentine prisoner treatment, 222-3; prisoners freed by, 87; on superiors assuming responsibility, 226
Angkor empire, 196-8, 199-200
Angkor Wat, 196, 197, 199
antagonism: continuum of, 250; ideology of, 250-1
anticommunism: in Argentina, 214-15; in United States, 258
Anti-Semites Petition (1881), 100
anti-Semitism: in Argentina, 223; in Austria, 98, 164n; in Bulgaria, 154-5; in deep structure of culture, 104; devaluation of group and, 61, 100-4; of early Christians, 60, 101; in France, 20; in Germany, 30, 100-4, 117-21, 163; history of, 20, 100-3; in Hungary, 153; increase of, before World War II, 88; as ingroup cement, 95; and ingroup-outgroup differentiation, 66; level of, vs. proportion of Jews killed, 153; of Martin Luther, 46, 102-3; in Middle Ages, 101-2; modern, 103-4; in Nazi Europe, 153-5; outside Germany, 85; in Poland, 154; promotion of, 267; propaganda about, 120; in Soviet Union, 20; of SS members, 131, 136; theological, 46, 60, 101-3, 117; in Ukraine, 136; in United States, 157
antisocial personality, 68, 71, 72-3
“anus mundi,” Auschwitz as, 142
Arendt, Hannah: on banality of evil, 126; on Eichmann, 82; on euphemisms, 29; on Jewish councils, 159, 160; on Jewish perception of Nuremberg laws, 163; on victim role in Holocaust, 31
Argentina: anti-Semitism in, 223; deprivation feelings in, 55; disparate suffering in, 267; social change opposition in, 86
Argentine disappearances/mass killings: abduction in, 11, 220-5; anticommunism in, 214-15, 218; and book burning, 217; bystander role in, 227-30; caprice in, 224; casualties in, 7, 11; church silence in, 228; civil war preceding, 47; communist treatment in, 222; continuum of destruction in, 217-20; Cuban blockade and, 218; cultural characteristics and, 212-17, 233; detention centers in, 220; difficult life conditions preceding, 44, 210-12; economic difficulties and, 210-11; end of, 231; euphemistic language in, 227; German influence on, 214, 219-20; historical conditions preceding, 210-12; ideology in, 214-17, 224-5; institutional changes and, 219; institutional cooperation in, 227-8; Jewish prisoners in, 222-3; killing/torture methods in, 220-5; machinery of destruction for, 219-20; military role in, see military groups (Argentina) Montoneros and, 218; Mothers of Plaza del Mayo and, 228-9; motivations for, 23, 225; Nunca Mas report on, 211, 220-3, 225, 227-8; officers’ responsibility for, 84; opposition to, 228-9; origins of, 232-6; vs. other genocides/killings, 7; overview of, 11; Perón’s role in, 210-12, 213, 217; perpetrators in, 25, 76, 216-17, 225-6, see also military groups (Argentina); political conflict and, 211 –12; property confiscation in, 131; self-concept of military and, 214-17; Soviet Union as bystander in, 230; victim selection in, 11, 61, 223-6; violence preceding, 211-12
Armenia, earthquake aid in, 4
Armenian genocide (see Turkish genocide of Armenians)
Armenian Revolutionary Federation, 179
Arrow Cross, 154
artists in social change, 282
Aryan culture as ideal, 94-5, 97, 105-6
Athens, moral orientation of, 57
attachment, infant-caretaker, 26-7, 59, 111
Auschwitz: commandant of, 132, 142; doctors’ behavior/motivations in, 141-4, 145; inmate resistance in, 162; killing procedures in, 136-7; processing of victims in, 141-2; Schindler camp inmates from, 141; “selection procedures” in, 9, self, 143; SS activities in, 141-4
Austria: anti-Semitism in, 98, 164n; Hitler’s early life in, 98; Jews
